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. 2012 Nov 27;5(2):645–650. doi: 10.3892/ol.2012.1047

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Copyright © 2013, Spandidos Publications

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Figure 5. — EP4/p38 MAPK signaling is involved in MCP-1 upregulation by PGE₂. (A) The PGE₂ receptor, EP4, is shown in A2058 and MeWo melanoma cells by western blot analysis. (B) The EP4 antagonist, AH23848, reduces MCP-1 production in melanoma cells, and blocks the increased MCP-1 production induced by TNF-α or exogenous PGE₂. (C) Expression of p-p38 MAPK is suppressed by NS398, whereas it is enhanced by exogenous PGE₂ in the melanoma A2058 and MeWo cells. (D) The p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, decreases MCP-1 production in melanoma cells and abrogates the increased MCP-1 production induced by TNF-α or exogenous PGE₂. ^*P<0.01 vs. normal. MCP-1, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1; PGE₂, prostaglandin E₂.