Group-specific parallel process latent growth model of strategy clustering growth processes (HVLT semantic, subjective, and serial clustering; AVLT subjective and serial clustering) across six measurement occasions in the ACTIVE study. The model is described notationally in equations in the Methods section. Latent variable intercepts and slopes for each strategy clustering score were regressed on covariates, which included age, sex, ethnicity, self-rated health, and education. Residual error variances are shown by smaller arrows going towards the observed (boxed) and latent (circled) dependent variables. Numbers on arrows going from latent growth parameters to observed time points indicate factor loadings. T: Assessment wave (1=Baseline; 2=Immediate Post-test; 3=Year1; 4=Year2; 5=Year3; 6=year5).