. 2013 Feb 15;8(2):e56245. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056245

Table 3. Minimal adequate multiple-predictor Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and Spatial Linear Model (SLM) results for all grid sizes.

Models	Grid Size	SW	CL	HDIa	HDIn	SST	NPP	Moran’s I	R²/p-R²	AIC
GLM (t-values) for all species	Small	11.138^***	7.520^***	4.888^***	2.570^*	2.262^*		0.4468^***	0.236	3719.64
	Medium	4.551^***	8.167^***		3.552^***	3.281^**	−3.654^***	0.2847^***	0.369	1354.75
	Large	3.416^***	4.509^***	3.667^***	3.160^**	5.077^***		0.1914^***	0.573	411.74
	UTM		10.087^***		3.456^***	7.440^***		0.2314^***	0.604	328.53
	X Large		10.089^***		6.240^***	4.686^***	−3.552^***	0.1888^***	0.804	100.27
	Largest	6.864^***			2.918^**	4.005^***	−4.084^***	−0.0443 ns	0.871	23.17
SLM (z-values) for all species	Small	8.192^***	4.267^***	2.839^**				−0.0110	0.508	3109.00
	Medium	3.643^***	6.932^***					−0.0140	0.486	1238.30
	Large		10.873^***	2.490^*	2.218^*	4.885^***		−0.0214	0.618	392.04
	UTM		9.885^***		2.346^*	5.421^***		−0.0161	0.656	308.67
	X Large		10.640^***		4.567^***	3.282^**	−2.243^*	−0.0119	0.837	88.74
	Largest	9.699^***			3.642^***	3.727^***	−7.754^***	0.0383	0.878	23.22
GLM (t-values) for all fish species	Small	11.621^***	8.375^***	4.869^***	2.481^*			0.4488^***	0.257	3384.89
	Medium	5.291^***	8.708^***		3.380^***	3.027^**	−3.220^**	0.2740^***	0.407	1209.05
	Large	3.503^***	5.351^***	2.712^**	3.304^**	5.009^***		0.2085^***	0.606	348.05
	UTM		12.679^***		3.411^***	7.009^***		0.1890^***	0.664	275.83
	X Large	3.279^**	7.003^***		5.858^***	4.960^***	−3.572^***	0.1096^*	0.847	51.58
	Largest	7.520^***			2.863^**	3.318^**	−3.647^**	−0.1213 ns	0.859	19.12
SLM (z-values) for all fish species	Small	8.817^***	4.228^***	2.649^**				−0.0072	0.529	2756.30
	Medium	4.539^***	6.860^***					−0.0159	0.510	1101.30
	Large	2.023^*	5.439^***	2.363^*	2.310^*	4.868^***		−0.0121	0.657	324.40
	UTM		11.934^***		2.585^**	5.466^***		−0.0110	0.696	262.84
	X Large		11.697^***		4.915^***	3.769^***		−0.0150	0.861	45.58
	Largest	12.855^***			3.973^***	2.558^*	−9.571^***	0.0246	0.901	13.35
GLM (t-values) for invertebrates	Small	8.797^***	6.980^***	5.662^***		2.093^*	−2.028^*	0.4593^***	0.160	4935.93
	Medium		10.655^***		2.768^**	1.990^*	−3.136^**	0.2608^***	0.250	2011.48
	Large	7.800^***		4.381^***	3.191^**	2.786^**		0.2284^***	0.414	690.23
	UTM		4.746^***		3.155^**	6.161^***		0.2481^***	0.390	522.40
	X Large		5.304^***	1.995^*	5.186^***	2.574^*	−2.498^*	0.3689^***	0.657	227.71
	Largest	3.060^**			3.270^**	3.391^**	−4.541^***	0.2722^**	0.743	60.89
SLM (z-values) for invertebrates	Small	6.527^***	4.116^***	2.825^**				−0.0153	0.450	4347.70
	Medium		10.755^***					−0.0166	0.358	1922.20
	Large		9.430^***	4.765^***		2.787^**		−0.0249	0.485	665.64
	UTM		7.003^***			4.218^***		−0.0242	0.480	497.54
	X Large	−3.918^***	8.575^***		3.910^***			−0.0310	0.814	172.55
	Largest				3.110^**	3.883^***		−0.0008	0.885	35.79
GLM (t-values) for habitat-forming species	Small	11.103^***	4.753^***	4.130^***	4.727^***	4.027^***	−3.908^***	0.5059^***	0.219	5342.45
	Medium	4.682^***	6.195^***		4.724^***	4.316^***	−5.316^***	0.2778^***	0.328	2121.49
	Large	3.206^**	2.475^*	4.325^***	3.565^***	5.298^***		0.1602^***	0.505	762.75
	UTM	6.337^***		1.988^*	3.925^***	7.047^***		0.2102^***	0.562	548.46
	X Large		5.071^***		5.419^***	5.113^***	−2.889^**	0.3229^***	0.677	264.06
	Largest				4.476^***	5.266^***		0.0716 ns	0.711	81.14
SLM (z-values) for habitat-forming species	Small	7.648^***	3.840^***	2.807^**				−0.0203	0.559	4548.50
	Medium	3.552^***	5.311^***		2.015^*		−2.026^*	−0.0100	0.456	2006.30
	Large	9.606^***	4.202^***			4.367^***		−0.0220	0.545	746.99
	UTM		6.710^***		3.300^***	4.983^***		−0.0236	0.628	524.21
	X Large		5.761^***		2.663^**	3.724^***	−2.517^*	−0.0211	0.787	230.56
	Largest	2.496^*			3.510^***	5.445^***	−2.800^**	0.0040	0.770	81.54

The predictors are shallow water area (SW), coastline length (CL), habitat diversity based on area (HDIa), habitat diversity based on number of patches (HDIn), sea surface temperature (SST), and net primary productivity (NPP). Values under predictor variables are t-values for GLM and z-values for SLM. Asterisks indicate significance value of P:

(<0.05),

^**

(<0.01);

^***

(<0.001); ns (not significant). Grid sizes are as follows: Small = 23,000 km²; Medium = 92,000 km²; Large = 368,000 km²; UTM = 617,000 km²; Extra large = 1,470,000 km²; Largest = 5,100,000 km². R² values are for GLM results, while pseudo-R² (p-R²) values are for SLM results. The lower AIC values between SLM and GLM of the same grid size per group are highlighted in boldface. Lower AIC values suggest that SLM models are preferred in most cases than its GLM counterparts.