. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2012 Jul 30;22(1):25–39. doi: 10.1044/1058-0360(2012/11-0145)

Table 4. Proportions of infants using gestures and chi-square results.

	9-12 mos.			15-18 mos.

	Omnibus DF = 2, N = 98	Contrasts (χ², p)	% using gesture	Omnibus DF = 2, N = 59	Contrasts (χ², p)	% using gesture
SI	χ² = 3.78 p= .052	DD vs. AU OR = 1.39 No contrasts due to non-significance TD vs. AU OR: 1.60	AU=37.5% DD=52.2% TD=60.0%	χ² = 5.63 p = .018	DD vs. AU (4.63, .031) OR=1.84 TD vs. AU (4.63, .031) OR=1.84	AU=40.7% DD=75.0% TD=75.0%

BR	χ² = 9.36 p = .002	DD vs. AU (1.10, .294) OR=1.55 TD vs. AU (9.32, .002) OR=2.54	AU=22.5% DD=34.8% TD=57.1%	χ² = 5.27 p = .022	DD vs. AU (0.19, .667) OR=1.18 TD vs. AU (5.66, .017) OR=2.03	AU=37.0% DD=43.8% TD=75.0%

JA	χ² = 13.51 p < .001	DD vs. AU (4.16, .041) OR=3.04 TD vs. AU (13.59, <.001) OR=4.86	AU=10.0% DD=30.4% TD=48.6%	χ² = 3.22 p < .001	DD vs. AU (6.82, .009) OR=2.25 TD vs. AU (11.57, .001) OR=2.63	AU=33.3% DD=75.0% TD=87.5%

Key: SI = Social Interaction; BR = Behavior Regulation; JA = Joint Attention; OR = odds ratio

Note: The significance threshold was set at p < .05 with Bonferroni-Holm correction employed for multiple comparisons per time point. Significant findings are indicated in boldface type.