Table 1.
PBTS | Controls | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | ta | p | db | rc | ||
Mother | |||||||||
Education | 14.3 | 2.1 | 14.7 | 2.2 | −1.58 | .117 | −0.19 | .25** | |
Family Environment Scale | |||||||||
Supportive | 30.0 | 7.0 | 32.4 | 6.5 | −3.95 | .000 | −0.36 | .02 | |
Conflicted | −9.5 | 4.7 | −10.4 | 4.5 | 2.09 | .038 | −0.20 | .11 | |
Controlling | 10.2 | 4.4 | 9.6 | 4.5 | 1.52 | .130 | −0.13 | .20* | |
Father | |||||||||
Education | 14.4 | 2.5 | 14.7 | 2.5 | −0.43 | .671 | −0.12 | .25* | |
Family Environment Scale | |||||||||
Supportive | 29.5 | 6.2 | 29.8 | 7.1 | −0.62 | .541 | −0.04 | .12 | |
Conflicted | −9.9 | 4.8 | −9.9 | 5.3 | −0.29 | .777 | 0.00 | .01 | |
Controlling | 10.8 | 4.2 | 10.8 | 3.7 | 0.25 | .804 | 0.00 | .21 | |
Family Demographics | |||||||||
SESd | 53.4 | 21.2 | 58.3 | 21.9 | −2.19 | .030 | −0.23 | .22** |
Two-tailed, dependent groups t-tests, df =152 to 160 for mothers and df =91 to 127 for fathers, p denotes significance of t
Cohen’s d estimating effect size assuming independent groups [30]
Correlation between scores for matched-pairs of PBTS and classmate-control families to evaluate group dependency
Revised Duncan Scores of occupational prestige; when two parents reported occupations, the higher was used
p≤.05,
p≤.01,
p≤.001