Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to RLS status (n=22,786)
| No RLS | RLS | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n=21,076 | n=1,710 | ||
| Demographic information | |||
| Mean age, yrs (SD) | 67.7 (9.0) | 69.1 (9.1) | <0.01 |
| Ethnicity, % | |||
| White | 19,097 (91.1) | 1,604 (94.1) | <0.01 |
| Geographic location,% | 0.17 | ||
| Northeast | 4,721 (22.4) | 373 (21.8) | |
| Southeast | 6,160 (29.2) | 459 (26.8) | |
| Midwest | 5,382 (25.5) | 468 (27.4) | |
| West | 4,687 (22.2) | 398 (23.3) | |
| Other | 126 (0.6) | 12 (0.7) | |
| Prevalent CVD events, % | |||
| Major CVD | 1,113 (5.3) | 107 (6.3) | 0.08 |
| Coronary revascularization | 2,313 (11.0) | 218 (12.8) | 0.02 |
| Myocardial infarction | 736 (3.5) | 54 (3.2) | 0.47 |
| Stroke | 423 (2.0) | 58 (3.4) | <0.01 |
| Vascular risk factors, % | |||
| History of hypertension | 11,054 (52.5) | 959 (56.1) | <0.01 |
| History of diabetes | 1,753 (8.3) | 217 (12.7) | <0.01 |
| History of cholesterol ≥ 240mg/dl | 11,013 (52.3) | 955 (55.9) | <0.01 |
| BMI categories (kg/m2) | <0.01 | ||
| <23 | 3,883 (18.4) | 312 (18.3) | |
| 23–24.9 | 5,051 (24.0) | 354 (20.7) | |
| 25–29.9 | 9,701 (46.0) | 806 (47.1) | |
| 30–34.9 | 1,997 (9.5) | 192 (11.2) | |
| Smoking status | 0.36 | ||
| Never | 11,160 (53.0) | 876 (51.2) | |
| Past | 9,335 (44.3) | 788 (46.1) | |
| Current | 581 (2.8) | 46 (2.7) | |
| Alcohol consumption | <0.01 | ||
| Rarely/never | 3,827 (18.2) | 364 (21.3) | |
| 1–3 times/month | 2,550 (12.1) | 214 (12.5) | |
| 1–6 times/week | 7,724 (36.7) | 619 (36.2) | |
| ≥1 times/day | 6,975 (33.1) | 513 (30.0) | |
| Exercise | <0.01 | ||
| Rarely/never | 7,461 (35.4) | 679 (39.7) | |
| ≤ 1/week | 508 (2.4) | 41 (2.4) | |
| 2–4 times/week | 9,242 (43.9) | 734 (42.9) | |
| 5–7 times/week | 3,865 (18.3) | 256 (15.0) | |
| Parental history of myocardial infarction | 2,483 (11.8) | 190 (11.1) | 0.41 |
| Other covariates, % | |||
| History of migraine during follow-up | 2,553 (12.1) | 243 (14.2) | 0.01 |
| History of depression | 2,106 (10.1) | 278 (16.5) | <0.01 |
| History of Parkinson’s disease | 282 (1.3) | 34 (2.0) | 0.03 |
| Iron supplementation use | 412 (2.2) | 36 (2.4) | 0.71 |
| Sleep duration ≥ 8 hours | 6,493 (34.3) | 543 (36.1) | 0.16 |
| Snoring | 0.25 | ||
| Never | 5,308 (27.7) | 424 (27.8) | |
| A few nights | 7,650 (40.0) | 582 (38.1) | |
| Most nights | 6,183 (32.3) | 522 (34.2) | |
Percentages may not add up to 100 because of missing values or rounding.