Table 4.
Clinical outcomes by EG and Me and treatment.
| Variable | Ethylene glycol | Methanol | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol | Fomepizole | Both | Ethanol | Fomepizole | Both | |
| (n = 215) | (n = 65) | (n = 15) | (n = 505) | (n = 81) | (n = 18) | |
| Death (%) | (n = 149) | (n = 49) | (n = 14) | (n = 490) | (n = 70) | (n = 18) |
| 18.1% | 4.1% | 7.1% | 21.8% | 17.1% | 5.5% | |
|
| ||||||
| Admission to hospital (%) | (n = 113) | (n = 47) | (n = 14) | (n = 341) | (n = 70) | (n = 18) |
| 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
|
| ||||||
| Hospital LOS (d) (mean ± SD) | (n = 41) | (n = 8) | (n = 5) | (n = 39) | (n = 9) | (n = 5) |
| 12.6 ± 14.7 | 11.1 ± 9.6 | 4.0 ± 4.2 | 10.4 ± 18.3 | 5.3 ± 3.9 | 4.4 ± 2.2 | |
| Median = 6.5 | Median = 9 | Median = 1 | Median = 4 | Median = 4 | Median = 5 | |
|
| ||||||
| Admission to ICU (%) (mean ± SD) | (n = 27) | (n = 13) | (n = 9) | (n = 38) | (n = 10) | (n = 7) |
| 96.3% | 84.6% | 100% | 81.2% | 100% | 85.7% | |
|
| ||||||
| ICU LOS (d) | (n = 6) | (n = 3) | (n = 3) | (n = 6) | (n = 1) | (n = 1) |
| 7.3 ± 4.9 | 4.8 ± 2.8 | 5 ± 2.6 | 11.5 ± 7.8 | 8 | 4 | |
| Median = 6.5 | Median = 4 | Median = 4 | Median = 10.5 | Median = 8 | Median = 4 | |
|
| ||||||
| Dialysis (%) | (n = 209) | (n = 50) | (n = 15) | (n = 367) | (n = 72) | (n = 18) |
| 65.6% | 76.0% | 86.7% | 85.0% | 69.4% | 83.3% | |
|
| ||||||
| Renal impairment (%) | (n = 149) | (n = 36) | (n = 10) | (n = 241) | (n = 29) | (n = 8) |
| 39.6% | 13.9% | 60% | 3.3% | 3.4% | 0% | |
|
| ||||||
| Vision impairment (%) | N/A | N/A | N/A | (n = 347) | (n = 44) | (n = 13) |
| 18.2% | 18.1% | 23.1% | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Adverse effect1 | (n = 215) | (n = 65) | (n = 15) | (n = 505) | (n = 81) | (n = 18) |
| Hypoglycemia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Intubation related | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Dialysis related | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Pneumonia | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Seizure | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Arrhythmia | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pancreatitis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 |
ME: methanol, EG: ethylene glycol, ICU: intensive care unit, LOS: length of stay.
Results are a combination of data from individual case data and aggregate data. n in bold at top of each column represents total number of patients in the group. n in each cell represents number of patients for whom data was present.
1Adverse events are reported simply as the number of incidents reported in the articles and were defined as follows:
(i) hypoglycemia: any mention of hypoglycemia after treatment was initiated (as defined by article author);
(ii) intubated related: one patient with right mainstem intubation resulting in left lung collapse;
(iii) dialysis related: one episode of thrombosis of dialysis catheter requiring urokinase, one episode of PD catheter displacement;
(iv) pneumonia: as reported by authors;
(v) seizure: as reported by authors;
(vi) arrhythmia: includes atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation, and bradycardia (2 episodes in 1 patient);
(vii) pancreatitis: as reported by authors.