Table 4.

Estimation of the crude and adjusted odds ratios (cORs and aORs) for the types of energy source used at home as a function of the presence of atopic dermatitis (AD)

	AD		cOR	aOR 1	aOR 2
	N	%
Electric cooker
No	702	5.7	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	574	6.4	1.14 (1.01-1.27)*	0.96 (0.85 - 1.08)	0.94 (0.81-1.09)
Gas cooker
No	547	6.2	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	729	5.8	0.92 (0.82-1.04)	1.10 (0.97-1.25)	1.10 (0.95-1.28)
Biomass cooker
No	1 268	6	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	8	9.5	1.66 (0.80-3.45)	1.66 (0.80-3.44)	1.51 (0.60-3.81)
Electric heating
No	763	6	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	513	6	1.00 (0.89-1.13)	1.13 (1.00-1.27)*	1.14 (0.99-1.31)
Gas/kerosene/paraffin heating
No	695	6.1	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	581	5.9	0.97 (0.87-1.09)	0.92 (0.82-1.04)	0.91 (0.80-1.04)
Biomass heating
No	1 123	5.9	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	153	6.8	1.17 (0.98-1.39)	1.02 (0.82-1.22)	1.02 (0.82-1.25)
Electric cooker or heating
No	405	5.6	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	871	6.2	1.10 (0.97-1.24)	1.05 (0.93-1.19)	1.27 (0.94-1.72)
Gas cooker or gas/kerosene/paraffin heating
No	311	6.2	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	965	5.9	0.95 (0.83-1.08)	1.04 (0.91-1.19)	1.01 (0.86-1.19)
Biomass cooker or heating
No	1 121	5.9	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Yes	155	6.8	1.16 (0.98-1.38)	1.02 (0.85-1.22)	1.00 (0.82-1.24)
Nature of energy source
Clean	186	6.4	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Clean + dirty	799	6.2	0.96 (0.82-1.14)	0.99 (0.84-1.17)	1.18 (0.80-1.76)
Dirty	291	5.4	0.83 (0.69-1.00)	0.88 (0.73-1.07)	0.89 (0.56-1.42)

cOR: crude odds ratio. aOR: adjusted odds ratio.

*Chi-squared test. p ≤ 0.05.

1) Adjusted by: mother’s educational level, geographic area.

2) Adjusted by: gender, BMI, siblings, smoking habit (mother and father), mother’s educational level, geographic area, truck traffic.