Table 1.
Main characteristics of randomized controlled trials included in the meta-analysis
|
Study |
No. of patients (Antioxidant/Control) |
Patient characteristics |
Antioxidant supplement |
Intervention |
Study design |
Jadad score |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Control | ||||||
| Wollschläger et al.
[21] |
40 (20/20) |
Adult patients undergoing ERCP |
Selenite |
Selenite, intravenously, 1 mg bolus/2 x 1 mg infusion, l d before ERCP |
Control, no prophylaxis |
Randomized, controlled |
2 |
| Budzyńska et al.
[22] |
200 (99/101) |
Adult consecutive patients undergoing elective ERCP |
Allopurinol |
Allopurinol, orally, 200 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP |
Placebo, orally, 200 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP |
Randomized, placebo-controlled |
3 |
| Lavy et al.
[23] |
321 (141/180) |
Adult consecutive patients undergoing ERCP |
β-carotene |
β-carotene, orally, 2 g, 12 h before ERCP |
Placebo, orally, 2 g, 12 h before ERCP |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled |
5 |
| Katsinelos et al.
[24] |
249 (124/125) |
Adult consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP |
NAC |
NAC, intravenously, 70 mg/kg 2 h before, and 35 mg/kg at 4 h intervals for 24 h after ERCP |
Placebo (0.9% saline solution), intravenously, 70 mg/kg 2 h before, and 35 mg/kg at 4 h intervals for 24 h after ERCP |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled |
5 |
| Katsinelos et al.
[25] |
243 (125/118) |
Adult consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP |
Allopurinol |
Allopurinol, orally, 600 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP |
Placebo, orally, 600 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled |
5 |
| Mosler et al.
[26] |
701 (355/346) |
Adult patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP |
Allopurinol |
Allopurinol, orally, 4 h (600 mg) and 1 h (300 mg) before ERCP |
Placebo (similar pill without the active drug), orally, 4 h (600 mg) and 1 h (300 mg) before ERCP |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled |
5 |
| Milewski et al.
[27] |
106 (55/51) |
Adult consecutive patients undergoing ERCP |
NAC |
NAC, two 600 mg given orally 24 h and 12 h before ERCP and 600 mg given intravenously for 2 d after ERCP |
Placebo (isotonic saline), intravenously, twice a day for 2 d after ERCP |
Randomized, placebo-controlled |
2 |
| Kapetanos et al.
[28] |
320 (158/162) |
Adult patients undergoing ERCP |
Pentoxifylline |
Pentoxifylline, orally, 400 mg, beginning the day before ERCP (2 and 10 PM) until the night after ERCP (6 AM and 2 and 10PM) |
No intervention |
Randomized, controlled |
3 |
| Romagnuolo et al.
[29] |
586 (293/293) |
Adult patients undergoing ERCP |
Allopurinol |
Allopurinol, orally, 300 mg, 1 h before ERCP |
Placebo, orally, 300 mg, 1 h before ERCP |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled |
5 |
| Martinez et al.
[30] |
170 (85/85) |
Adult patients undergoing ERCP |
Allopurinol |
Allopurinol, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP |
Placebo, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP |
Randomized, placebo-controlled |
3 |
| Abbasinazari et al. [31] | 74 (29/45) | Adult patients undergoing ERCP | Allopurinol | Allopurinol, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Placebo, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | 3 |
ERCP = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, NAC = N-acetylcysteine.