Figure 5.

Expression analyses of MdHsfs in vegetative leaf tissue under heat stress. Messenger RNA levels of MdHsfs were analyzed by qRT-PCR in leaf samples from trees grown under field conditions and exposed to different temperature ranges: reference temperature, average of 26°C/12°C (day/night; max/min), considered as normal conditions; and high temperature, average of 32°C/17°C (day/night; max/min), considered as stress conditions. The qRT-PCR analysis results were normalized using EF1, Tip-41 and IMPA9 as housekeeping genes. Each bar represents the average of the relative expression levels from three biological replicates.