Table 2.

Comparison of the effects of the downhill running on running economy.

Study	Subjects	EIMD	Muscle damage	VO2max (%)	RE (%)
Chen et al. [11]	50 male students	30 min DHR at −15%	↑ CK, ↑ DOMS, ↓ strength, and ↑ LDH	70, 80, and 90	↓ 5
Hamill et al. [92]	10 recreational female runners	30 min DHR at −15%	↑ CK, ↑ DOMS	80	√
Braun and Dutto [93]	9 endurance trained men	30 min DHR at −10%	↑ DOMS	65, 75, and 85	↓ 3
Chen et al. [94]	10 soccer trained men	30 min DHR at −15%	↑ CK, ↑ DOMS, ↓ strength, and ↑ MB	65, 75, and 85	↓ 4–7

EIMD: exercise-induced muscle damage; DHR: downhill running; %VO₂max: exercise intensity at which running economy was measured; RE: running economy; CK: creatine kinase; DOMS: delayed onset muscle soreness; MB: myoglobin; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; ↓ indicates decrease; √ indicates no change; ↑ indicates increase.