Table 1.
Summary of reported key differences in proteins and genes in adipose tissue of obese insulin-resistant vs. obese insulin-sensitive patients
| Subcutaneous fat | Omental fat | |
|---|---|---|
| (a) Protein (Xu et al. [12▪▪]) | ||
| p-AMPK/AMPK | − | − |
| Nampt | 0 | − |
| Protein carbonylation | + | + |
| (b) Gene expression | ||
| Xu et al. [12▪▪] | ||
| CD4 | + | + |
| CD68 | 0 | + |
| MPO | 0 | + |
| CCL5 | 0 | + |
| p-Selectin | 0 | + |
| SIRT1 | 0 | 0 |
| Nampt | 0 | − |
| PGC1α | 0 | − |
| Angiotensinogen | + | + |
| AMPKα1 | − | 0 |
| AMPKα2 | + | 0 |
| Klöting et al. [8▪▪] | ||
| SIRT1 | − | − |
| IL-6 | + | + |
| IL-8 | 0 | + |
| Nampt | 0 | + |
| Hardy et al. [10▪] | ||
| CCL2, 3, 4, 8 | 0 | + |
| IL-8 | 0 | + |
| Goossens et al. [13▪] | ||
| PGC1α | − | ND |
| Gillum et al. [14▪] | ||
| SIRT1 | − | ND |
In study by Xu et al. [12▪▪], seven of the eight patients in the insulin-resistant group and three of eight in the insulin-sensitive group were diabetic (not insulin treated). Patients with diabetes or a family history of diabetes were excluded by Klöting et al. [8▪▪]. + and − indicate a factor in increased or decreased. 0, no change; ND, not determined.