Table 1.
Roter-Hall prototypes of control by health literacy level
| Paternalism | Consumerism | Mutuality | Default | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inadequate literacy | 8 (57%) | 1 (7%) | 5 (36%) | 0 (0%) | 14 (45%) |
| Marginal to adequate literacy | 4 (23%) | 3 (18%) | 9 (53%) | 1 (6%) | 17 (55%) |
| Total | 12 (39%) | 4 (13%) | 14 (45%) | 1 (3%) |
Note: Comparison of paternalism vs. non-paternalism (i.e., grouping together consumerism, mutuality, and default): χ2 [1 df] = 3.656, p=0.06
Definition of each prototype of control: Paternalism – refers to a dynamic in which physicians exercise greater control and patients are passive participants. Consumerism – characterized by patient dominance and physician passivity. Mutuality – describes the shared control between patient and physician. Default – both patient and physician lack control over the encounter.