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. 2013 Feb 13;8:669–676. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S39844

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© 2013 Cheng et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Cell viability after ALA-SDT. (A) The survival rates of THP-1 macrophages after 5 minutes ultrasound exposure with ALA concentrations at 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mM as determined by MTT assay. (B) The survival rates of THP-1 macrophages after 1 mM ALA incubation with ultrasound exposure for 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes.

Note: Data represent the means ± SD (n = 6 per group).

Abbreviations: ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid; MTT, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; SD, standard deviation; SDT, sonodynamic therapy.