Table 1.
Patient Characteristics
| Characteristic | n (%) (N=982) |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 75.4 (12.6) |
| Male sex | 464 (47.3) |
| Mechanism of injury | |
| Ground level fall | 821 (83.6) |
| Fall from height | 36 (3.7) |
| MVC, < 35 miles per hour | 15 (1.5) |
| MVC, ≥ 35 miles per hour | 23 (2.3) |
| MVC, unknown speed | 8 (0.8) |
| Pedestrian struck by automobile | 4 (0.4) |
| Bicyclist struck by automobile | 4 (0.4) |
| Direct blow | 51 (5.2) |
| Unknown mechanism | 15 (1.5) |
| Other mechanism | 5 (0.5) |
| Medication use* | |
| Warfarin use | 714 (72.7) |
| Clopidogrel use | 279 (28.4) |
| Concomitant aspirin use | 45 (4.6) |
| Clinical history | |
| Vomiting | 41 (4.2) |
| Headache | 349 (35.5) |
| Loss of consciousness or amnesia | 187 (19.0) |
| Physical exam | |
| Alcohol intoxication | 34 (3.5) |
| Any evidence of trauma above the clavicles | 696 (70.9) |
| Trauma to face | 367 (37.4) |
| Trauma to neck | 33 (3.4) |
| Basilar skull fracture | 2 (0.2) |
| Scalp abrasion | 149 (15.2) |
| Scalp contusion | 292 (29.5) |
| Scalp laceration | 170 (17.3) |
| Normal mental status (GCS 15) | 879 (89.5) |
| ED course | |
| Admitted to hospital | 346 (33.1) |
SD = standard deviation; MVC = motor vehicle collision; GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale
*
11 patients with concomitant warfarin and clopidogrel use