Table 1.
Unadjusted percentages, medians, or means (standard error) of selected sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics among adults aged > =20 years, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988–1991 and 2005-2008
| |
Diagnosed diabetes |
|
Undiagnosed diabetes |
|
Prediabetes |
|
Normal |
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | |
| N |
207 |
457 |
|
92 |
103 |
|
566 |
850 |
|
2337 |
2539 |
|
| Age (years) - median |
59.9 (1.6) |
59.8 (1.1) |
— |
58.6 (2.1) |
61.6 (3.0) |
— |
56.9 (2.2) |
56.5 (0.9) |
— |
38.0 (0.8) |
40.9 (0.8) |
— |
| Age (%) |
|
|
0.783 |
|
|
0.531 |
|
|
0.257 |
|
|
0.001 |
| 20-39 years |
13.3 (4.3) |
10.8 (1.7) |
|
13.2 (4.8) |
6.7 (3.0) |
|
18.0 (2.7) |
14.7 (1.4) |
|
51.5 (1.6) |
46.2 (1.4) |
|
| 40-59 years |
33.6 (4.8) |
37.3 (2.6) |
|
38.1 (6.5) |
40.8 (6.2) |
|
36.2 (3.3) |
41.2 (1.9) |
|
30.6 (1.5) |
38.8 (1.4) |
|
| ≥60 years |
53.1 (3.8) |
51.9 (2.9) |
|
48.7 (6.6) |
52.5 (6.5) |
|
45.9 (4.3) |
44.1 (2.1) |
|
17.9 (1.5) |
15.0 (1.4) |
|
| Men (%) |
36.4 (5.7) |
44.4 (3.0) |
0.221 |
49.5 (7.9) |
56.6 (6.1) |
0.482 |
53.3 (3.1) |
47.9 (2.3) |
0.170 |
47.9 (1.3) |
48.8 (1.0) |
0.567 |
| Race or ethnicity (%) |
|
|
0.268 |
|
|
0.932 |
|
|
0.020 |
|
|
0.004 |
| White |
73.4 (4.3) |
65.3 (4.3) |
|
53.3 (6.3) |
55.3 (6.9) |
|
63.9 (5.0) |
66.7 (3.4) |
|
81.1 (2.2) |
73.7 (2.0) |
|
| African American |
15.1 (3.6) |
17.3 (2.9) |
|
29.8 (4.9) |
28.3 (4.0) |
|
24.0 (3.1) |
17.4 (2.5) |
|
7.7 (1.0) |
8.3 (1.1) |
|
| Mexican American |
8.4 (1.4) |
8.2 (1.4) |
|
8.1 (2.6) |
9.9 (2.7) |
|
4.8 (0.5) |
7.3 (1.3) |
|
4.7 (0.6) |
8.0 (0.9) |
|
| Other |
3.1 (2.2) |
9.2 (2.3) |
|
8.8 (5.9) |
6.6 (3.1) |
|
7.3 (2.4) |
8.6 (1.9) |
|
6.5 (1.7) |
9.9 (1.1) |
|
| ≥High school graduates (%) |
57.4 (5.5) |
70.4 (2.2) |
0.030 |
50.2 (5.4) |
71.7 (4.8) |
0.013 |
60.3 (2.8) |
77.7 (1.7) |
<0.001 |
79.4 (1.9) |
84.4 (1.2) |
0.034 |
| Body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (%) |
38.2 (5.8) |
61.7 (2.8) |
0.001 |
60.3 (7.1) |
68.4 (6.2) |
0.378 |
28.2 (2.5) |
43.0 (2.0) |
<0.001 |
17.4 (1.3) |
27.5 (1.3) |
<0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) |
29.6 (0.7) |
32.8 (0.5) |
0.001 |
32.6 (1.8) |
34.8 (1.3) |
0.343 |
27.6 (0.3) |
30.2 (0.3) |
<0.001 |
25.7 (0.2) |
27.5 (0.2) |
<0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.8 (0.2) | 7.2 (0.1) | 0.060 | 7.8 (0.3) | 7.5 (0.2) | 0.345 | 5.9 (<0.1) | 5.9 (<0.1) | 0.024 | 5.0 (<0.1) | 5.2 (<0.1) | <0.001 |
*P-value from chi-square test for categorical variables and from t-test for means.