Table 3.
Unadjusted and least-square adjusted mean concentrations (standard error) of lipids and apolipoprotein B among adults aged > =20 years, by glycemic status and survey, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988–1991 and 2005–2006
| |
Diagnosed diabetes |
Undiagnosed diabetes |
Prediabetes |
Normal |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | |
| N |
200 |
211 |
|
91 |
67 |
|
545 |
634 |
|
2302 |
2290 |
|
|
Unadjusted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) |
214.4 (3.7) |
194.6 (3.2) |
<0.001 |
224.5 (5.0) |
208.8 (6.0) |
0.051 |
217.5 (1.7) |
209.9 (2.2) |
0.008 |
199.9 (1.3) |
196.0 (1.2) |
0.034 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
48.8 (1.6) |
51.2 (1.5) |
0.287 |
44.8 (1.8) |
46.3 (2.0) |
0.580 |
48.1 (0.7) |
53.5 (0.9) |
<0.001 |
51.8 (0.7) |
55.9 (0.5) |
<0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
134.7 (3.0) |
113.8 (2.6) |
<0.001 |
144.8 (3.9) |
130.0 (5.3) |
0.028 |
142.2 (1.8) |
129.8 (1.6) |
<0.001 |
124.3 (1.3) |
116.7 (1.1) |
<0.001 |
| Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
165.6 (4.6) |
143.5 (3.2) |
<0.001 |
179.7 (4.5) |
162.5 (5.5) |
0.019 |
169.4 (1.8) |
156.4 (2.1) |
<0.001 |
148.1 (1.5) |
140.1 (1.2) |
<0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)† |
154.5 (9.8) |
148.1 (7.4) |
0.604 |
174.0 (10.4) |
163.2 (11.9) |
0.496 |
135.9 (4.3) |
135.8 (3.7) |
0.987 |
118.8 (3.6) |
116.9 (1.7) |
0.639 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ |
139.1 (9.9) |
131.2 (7.1) |
0.513 |
158.3 (9.6) |
140.6 (12.1) |
0.263 |
120.9 (3.7) |
120.5 (3.0) |
0.936 |
103.8 (3.2) |
102.3 (1.6) |
0.674 |
| Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl) |
113.8 (2.8) |
103.2 (2.4) |
0.005 |
121.7 (3.1) |
116.9 (3.6) |
0.321 |
115.1 (1.2) |
109.6 (1.3) |
0.003 |
101.6 (0.9) |
98.7 (1.0) |
0.041 |
|
Age-adjusted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) |
202.5 (3.7) |
185.8 (3.6) |
0.002 |
212.9 (4.4) |
198.4 (6.3) |
0.070 |
207.4 (1.8) |
202.1 (2.0) |
0.048 |
201.6 (1.2) |
198.5 (1.1) |
0.062 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
46.9 (1.6) |
49.7 (1.5) |
0.202 |
42.9 (1.8) |
44.6 (2.0) |
0.528 |
46.5 (0.7) |
52.2 (0.9) |
<0.001 |
52.1 (0.7) |
56.3 (0.4) |
<0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
126.6 (2.9) |
107.8 (2.9) |
<0.001 |
137.0 (3.7) |
122.9 (5.7) |
0.046 |
135.3 (1.9) |
124.5 (1.5) |
<0.001 |
125.5 (1.3) |
118.4 (1.1) |
<0.001 |
| Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
155.6 (4.5) |
136.1 (3.6) |
0.001 |
170.0 (4.1) |
153.8 (5.7) |
0.028 |
160.9 (2.0) |
149.9 (2.0) |
<0.001 |
149.5 (1.4) |
142.2 (1.2) |
<0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)† |
145.2 (9.6) |
141.2 (7.6) |
0.743 |
164.9 (10.0) |
155.0 (11.5) |
0.518 |
127.9 (4.4) |
129.7 (3.6) |
0.755 |
120.2 (3.6) |
118.9 (1.7) |
0.750 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ |
127.6 (9.0) |
123.1 (6.9) |
0.683 |
145.6 (8.5) |
130.4 (11.0) |
0.283 |
112.3 (3.4) |
113.9 (2.6) |
0.713 |
105.1 (3.2) |
104.2 (1.6) |
0.797 |
| Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl) |
107.8 (2.7) |
98.7 (2.6) |
0.019 |
115.8 (2.9) |
111.6 (3.8) |
0.388 |
109.9 (1.4) |
105.7 (1.2) |
0.018 |
102.4 (0.9) |
100.0 (0.9) |
0.066 |
|
Adjusted for age, gender, race or ethnicity, education, and body mass index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) |
201.7 (3.5) |
183.7 (3.4) |
<0.001 |
211.3 (4.7) |
193.9 (6.2) |
0.029 |
208.0 (1.9) |
200.7 (2.1) |
0.010 |
202.2 (1.2) |
198.4 (1.0) |
0.018 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
48.0 (1.2) |
52.9 (1.4) |
0.009 |
46.8 (2.1) |
51.0 (2.5) |
0.213 |
47.0 (0.7) |
53.9 (0.8) |
<0.001 |
51.2 (0.6) |
56.3 (0.4) |
<0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
125.6 (2.7) |
104.8 (2.8) |
<0.001 |
133.7 (4.3) |
116.3 (5.6) |
0.016 |
135.0 (2.0) |
122.5 (1.5) |
<0.001 |
126.2 (1.2) |
118.5 (0.9) |
<0.001 |
| Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) |
153.7 (4.0) |
130.8 (3.4) |
<0.001 |
164.5 (5.3) |
143.0 (5.9) |
0.009 |
160.9 (2.0) |
146.9 (2.0) |
<0.001 |
150.9 (1.2) |
142.1 (0.9) |
<0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)† |
140.6 (8.2) |
129.7 (7.4) |
0.324 |
154.1 (11.9) |
134.0 (13.2) |
0.258 |
129.6 (3.7) |
124.4 (3.8) |
0.319 |
123.4 (3.2) |
118.1 (1.6) |
0.141 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ |
122.9 (7.3) |
111.7 (6.0) |
0.224 |
133.2 (10.3) |
109.4 (10.4) |
0.107 |
114.3 (2.7) |
109.0 (2.5) |
0.148 |
108.0 (2.8) |
103.4 (1.4) |
0.146 |
| Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl) | 106.4 (2.6) | 95.0 (2.5) | 0.002 | 111.8 (3.2) | 104.2 (4.0) | 0.148 | 109.6 (1.5) | 103.5 (1.2) | 0.002 | 103.4 (0.9) | 100.0 (0.7) | 0.006 |
Participants who reported using cholesterol-lowering medications, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, and niacin were excluded.
*P-values from linear regression analyses.
†Untransformed mean.
‡Geometric mean.