Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics in the stress group and reference group
| Stress group (n = 902) (%) | Reference group (n = 5,936) (%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female gender, N (%) | 420 (46.6 %) | 2,519 (42.4 %) | 0.011 |
| Age (years) | 42.3 ± 10.5 | 44.1 ± 9.7 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 318 (35.7 %) | 2,100 (36.0 %) | 0.881 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 37 (4.2 %) | 263 (4.5 %) | 0.727 |
| Current smoker | 302 (35.7 %) | 1,539 (27.6 %) | <0.001 |
| Exercise | 232 (64.8 %) | 1,689 (75.4 %) | 0.270 |
| Coffee | 305 (84.3 %) | 1,996 (90.2 %) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol | 500 (76.1 %) | 4,742 (76.7 %) | 0.734 |
| Married status | 717 (79.5 %) | 4,687 (79.0 %) | 0.930 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 40 (4.5 %) | 159 (2.7 %) | 0.006 |
| BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 218 (33.7 %) | 1,902 (31.3 %) | 0.212 |
| Low education | 78 (8.8 %) | 367 (6.3 %) | 0.007 |
| Low income | 245 (31.4 %) | 1,312 (24.2 %) | <0.001 |
| Reflux esophagitis | 74 (8.2 %) | 333 (5.6 %) | 0.003 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 64 (7.1 %) | 340 (5.7 %) | 0.111 |
| FSS level | 4.26 ± 1.30 | 2.98 ± 1.27 | <0.001 |
| BEPSI-K level | 2.92 ± 0.61 | 1.49 ± 0.39 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. BMI body mass index, FSS fatigue severity score