Hypothetical SNP chip typing for single-marker method. Straight lines depict a pair of chromosomes. SNP positions are represented by the diamonds. a shows a normal tagged SNP (pointed at by arrow), b and c show the disease scenarios. Ideally, the disease variant of interest (shaded diamond) would be directly typed, as in b; however, as current platforms likely only type a small portion of possible SNPs, it is more likely that the disease causing SNP will not be tagged directly, as in c