Table 4.
Correlations Between Executive Functioning Components (Processing Speed Accounted for) and Relevant Demographic and Clinical Variables, Crystallized Verbal Knowledge, and Functional Capacity
| Cognitive Flexibility | Abstraction | |||
| Pearson’s r | Significance level | Pearson’s r | Significance level | |
| Age | −.147 | .078 | .068 | .416 |
| Education | −.042 | .613 | .200 | .016 |
| Duration of illness | −.034 | .688 | −.177 | .036 |
| Crystallized Verbal Knowledge | .249 | .003 | .458 | <.001 |
| PANSS positive symptoms (N = 142) | −.186 | .033 | .055 | .527 |
| PANSS negative symptoms (N = 142) | .101 | .249 | −.117 | .179 |
| HAM-D-17 total (N = 135) | −.254 | .003 | −.013 | .885 |
| UPSA total score (N = 131) | .111 | .206 | .364 | <.001 |
Note: PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; HAM-D, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale—17-item total. Cognitive flexibility comprises Trails Number-Letter Switching, Design Fluency—Switching, Color-Word Interference Inhibition, and Inhibition/Switching. Abstraction comprises Sorting, Twenty Questions, Word Context, and Proverb. The 2 components share 9.3% of the variance. Where not specifically mentioned, N = 145.