Table 2b.
Demographic, medical, lifestyle and nutrition characteristics of male CHS participants at baseline (n = 2.077), according to usual consumption of Tea and Coffee
| Men Characteristic |
Tea consumption at baseline |
Coffee consumption at baseline |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <5/yr N = 551 (26.5%) |
5–10/yr N = 244 (11.7%) |
1–3/mo N = 387 (18.6%) |
1–4/wk N = 452 (21.8%) |
≥5/wk N = 443 (21.3%) |
<5/yr N = 637 (30.8%) |
5–10/yr N = 139 (6.7%) |
1–3/mo N = 152 (7.4%) |
1–4/wk N = 225 (10.9%) |
≥5/wk N = 915 (44.2%) |
|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 74.0 (6.0) | 72.8 (5.4) | 72.8 (5.6) | 72.8 (5.2) | 73.0 (5.6) | 73.7 (5.9) | 73.3 (5.5) | 72.9 (5.2) | 73.1 (5.5) | 72.8 (5.5) |
| Black, % | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 6.4 | 2.9 | 5.9 | 1.3 | 2.7 |
| <High school education, % |
33.9 | 23.9 | 23.8 | 24.4 | 26.0 | 29.7 | 26.6 | 23.0 | 27.0 | 26.0 |
| Current smoker, % | 9.1 | 8.2 | 11.7 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 6.9 | 5.8 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 13.2 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 |
26.3 (3.8) | 26.8 (3.7) | 26.4 (3.6) | 26.7 (3.7) | 26.1 (3.7) | 26.4 (3.9) | 26.5 (3.8) | 26.1 (3.5) | 26.6 (3.5) | 26.4 (3.6) |
| History of CHD, % | 24.7 | 25.0 | 22.5 | 25.0 | 28.0 | 28.4 | 29.5 | 27.0 | 25.3 | 22.0 |
| History of stroke, % | 6.0 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 7.1 | 4.1 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 3.3 | 6.7 | 3.5 |
| Diabetes, % | 19.1 | 16.4 | 16.6 | 17.7 | 18.4 | 18.4 | 15.8 | 14.6 | 18.7 | 18.2 |
| Hypertension, % | 56.6 | 54.9 | 54.5 | 54.0 | 51.6 | 52.8 | 59.7 | 49.3 | 55.1 | 55.4 |
| Physical activity, median (IQR), kcal/day |
1350 (544–2771) |
1238 (540–2948) |
1470 (589–2943) |
1375 (555–3116) |
1365 (540–2790) |
1050 (368–2415) |
1334 (405–2715) |
1185 (473–2484) |
1260 (585–2786) |
1065 (375–2520) |
| CES–D score, median (IQR) |
3 (1–5) | 2 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–6) | 3 (1–5) |
| APOEε4 carrier, % | 24.6 | 23.6 | 26.7 | 23.4 | 23.8 | 25.0 | 23.0 | 23.9 | 26.7 | 23.7 |
| Fair or poor self–reported health |
23.5 | 19.7 | 17.9 | 21.1 | 19.4 | 23.9 | 20.9 | 20.5 | 19.2 | 18.8 |
| Vegetables, mean (SD), servings/d |
2.2 (1.4) | 2.3 (1.3) | 2.3 (1.2) | 2.3 (1.3) | 2.5 (1.4) | 2.3 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.2) | 2.4 (1.5) | 2.2 (1.3) |
| Cereal fiber, mean (SD), g/d |
3.8 (2.7) | 4.1 (2.6) | 4.1 (2.6) | 4.3 (2.6) | 4.2 (2.6) | 4.1 (2.6) | 4.5 (2.5) | 4.4 (2.6) | 4.4 (2.7) | 3.9 (2.6) |
| Saturated fat, mean (SD), % calories |
12.4 (3.4) | 12.2 (2.8) | 12.2 (3.0) | 12.5 (2.9) | 12.8 (3.0) | 12.0 (3.3) | 12.1 (2.9) | 12.4 (2.8) | 12.6 (2.9) | 12.9 (3.0) |
| Total energy intake, mean (SD), kcal/d |
1844 (722) | 1803 (552) | 1853 (628) | 2034 (721) | 2077 (772) | 1843 (699) | 1903 (610) | 2037 (704) | 2024 (754) | 1957 (707) |
| Baseline cognitive scores* |
||||||||||
| Standard 3MS, mean (SD) | 88.3 (9.5) | 91.0 (9.4) | 90.7 (7.3) | 89.6 (8.6) | 89.5 (8.6) | 88.6 (9.6) | 89.3 (10.8) | 90.6 (8.9) | 89.2 (10.7) | 90.3 (8.0) |
| IRT 3MS, mean (SD) | 98.78 (15.3) | 102.77 (15.2) | 101.86 (15.1) | 102.17 (15.1) | 100.61 (14.4) | 99.94 (15.5) | 102.41 (15.2) | 102.44 (14.8) | 100.93 (15.8) | 101.30 (14.5) |
*
At 1990–91 visit.
Abbreviations: SD = standard deviation, IQR = interquartile range, CHD = coronary heart disease, IRT = Item response theory, 3MS = Modified Mini–Mental State Examination, CES–D score = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.