Table 1.

Definition of variables used in the analysis

Variables	Value
Dependent variables
Adequate utilization	0: having less than 5 visits 1: having adequate visits
Timely utilization	0: later than 12 weeks 1: having first visit during 12 weeks
Independent variables
Age group	1:<25 years old, 2:25–30; 3>30 years
Husband’s residency status	1: Shanghai; 0 Other
Women’s education	0: less than 10 years; 1: 10-
Employment status	1: Unemployed throughout; 2: Before & during pregnancy; 3: Before pregnancy only;
Health insurance	0: without; 1: with
Husband’s years of education	0: less than 10 years; 1: 10-
Household income (by tertile)	1: Low; 2: Middle; 3: High;
Pregnancy and delivery history	1: Previously delivered (mutlipara); 2: Previously pregnant but did not deliver; 3: First pregnancy