Table 2. Crude and adjusted relative risks of the association between maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcome.
| Maternal age, 30–34 years | Maternal age, 35–39 years | Maternal age, 40+ years | ||||
| Outcomes | Crude RR (95% CI) | Adjusted aRR (95% CI) | Crude RR (95% CI) | Adjusted aRR (95% CI) | Crude RR (95% CI) | Adjusted aRR (95% CI) |
| ESGA (<3rd percentile) | 0.74(0.70, 0.79) | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.75(0.69, 0.81) | 1.00 (0.92–1.09) | 0.83(0.71, 0.97) | 1.13 (0.97–1.33) |
| VSGA (<5th percentile) | 0.75(0.71, 0.79) | 0.90 (0.86–0.95) | 0.74(0.69, 0.79) | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | 0.82(0.72, 0.92) | 1.11 (0.98–1.25) |
| SGA (<10th percentile) | 0.75(0.73, 0.78) | 0.90 (0.89–0.93) | 0.71(0.68, 0.74) | 0.92 (0.88–0.97) | 0.80(0.73, 0.87) | 1.06 (0.97–1.16) |
| LGA (>90th percentile) | 1.39(1.35, 1.44) | 1.23 (1.19–1.27) | 1.59(1.53, 1.65) | 1.31 (1.26–1.36) | 1.63(1.51, 1.75) | 1.32 (1.22–1.42) |
| VLGA (>95th percentile) | 1.45(1.39, 1.51) | 1.26 (1.21–1.32) | 1.68(1.59, 1.87) | 1.36 (1.29–1.43) | 1.85(1.63, 2.09) | 1.44 (1.30–1.58) |
| ELGA (>97th percentile) | 1.49(1.41 1.57) | 1.30 (1.22–1.38) | 1.75(1.64, 1.76) | 1.41 (1.32–1.51) | 1.75(1.56, 1.96) | 1.46 (1.29–1.65) |
| Macrosomia (>4.5kg) | 1.38(1.28, 1.49) | 1.22 (1.13–1.31) | 1.53(1.40, 1.67) | 1.26 (1.15–1.38) | 1.62(1.38, 1.90) | 1.31(1.11–1.54) |
| All Caesarean deliveries | 1.36(1.34, 1.39) | 1.35 (1.32–1.37) | 1.60(1.57, 1.64) | 1.59 (1.56–1.62) | 1.86(1.79, 1.92) | 1.83 (1.77–1.90) |
| Emergency Caesarean deliveries | 1.21(1.18, 1.24) | 1.28(1.24–1.31) | 1.28(1.24, 1.33) | 1.41 (1.36–1.45) | 1.49(1.40, 1.58) | 1.63 (1.54–1.73) |
| Elective Caesarean deliveries | 1.53(1.49, 1.57) | 1.43 (1.39–1.47) | 1.96(1.90, 2.02) | 1.77 (1.72–1.83) | 2.27(2.15, 2.38) | 2.03 (1.93–2.13) |
| Preterm delivery (<37 weeks) | 1.00(0.96, 1.04) | 1.07(1.03–1.12) | 1.15(1.09, 1.21) | 1.25 (1.19–1.31) | 1.15(1.05, 1.27) | 1.24 (1.13–1.37) |
| Very preterm delivery (<33 weeks) | 0.96(0.88, 1.05) | 1.05 (0.96–1.15) | 1.13(1.02, 1.25) | 1.25 (1.13–1.40) | 1.14(0.93, 1.40) | 1.24 (1.01–1.53) |
| Stillbirth | 1.11(0.96, 1.27) | 1.23 (1.06–1.41) | 1.23(1.05, 1.45) | 1.41 (1.19–1.67) | 1.62(1.22, 2.16) | 1.83 (1.37–2.43) |
| Neonatal death | 1.07(0.87, 1.31) | 1.18 (0.95–1.45) | 1.05(0.81, 1.36) | 1.18 (0.91–1.54) | 1.05(0.63, 1.74) | 1.18 (0.71–1.96) |
aAdjusted for , parity, maternal BMI, social deprivation score and ethnic origin;
b
model based on 2007–2008 data only. ESGA (Extremely small-for-gestational age, <3rd percentile); VSGA (Very small-for-gestational age, <5th percentile); SGA (Small-for-gestational age, <10th percentile); LGA (Large-for-gestational age, >90th percentile); VLGA (Very-large-for-gestational age, >95th percentile); ELGA (Extremely-large-for-gestational-age, >97th percentile).