Table 1.
Baseline Sociodemographic & Select Health Sample Characteristics, by Select Groups (Full Sample, n=432)
| Intervention & Control Group Comparisons | Total Sample | Recession Exposure Group Comparisons | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Characteristic | Intervention | Control | Group Diff p* | No Exposure | Mixed-Exposure | Full Exposure | Group Diff p** | |
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| n=214 | n=218 | n=432 | n=120 | n=149 | n=163 | |||
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| Mean (SD) % | Mean (SD) % | Mean (SD) % | ||||||
| Age‡ | 28.8 (7.3) | 30.8 (8.9) | .03 | 29.8 (8.2) | 29.8 (8.0) | 30.1 (8.9) | 29.5 (7.4) | .99 |
| Race | ||||||||
| Black/African American | 61.2% | 51.4% | 56.3% | 51.7% | 55.0% | 60.7% | ||
| Caucasian | 35.5% | 43.1% | .09 | 39.4% | 44.2% | 39.6% | 35.6% | .57 |
| Other | 3.3% | 5.5% | 4.4% | 4.2% | 5.4% | 3.7% | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| Hispanic | 4.2% | 5.1% | .82 | 4.6% | 1.7% | 6% | 5.5% | .17 |
| Education Level | ||||||||
| <12th Grade | 32.4% | 32.6% | .84 | 32.4% | 35% | 36.2% | 27.0% | .47 |
| High School Diploma/GED | 27.8% | 26.6% | 27.8% | 26.7% | 26.2% | 30.1% | ||
| Some College/College Degree | 39.8% | 40.8% | 39.8% | 27.8% | 37.6% | 43% | ||
| County | ||||||||
| Urban | 78.5% | 82.1% | .35 | 80.3% | 80% | 79.2% | 81.6% | .86 |
| Rural | 21.5% | 17.9% | 19.7% | 20% | 20.8% | 18.4% | ||
| Prior TANF Receipt | ||||||||
| Never | 21.5% | 25.2% | .32 | 23.4% | 20% | 21.5% | 27.6% | .32 |
| 1–2 | 50.5% | 45.9% | 48.2% | 53.3% | 47.0% | 45.4% | ||
| 3–4 | 16.4% | 12.8% | 14.6% | 10.8% | 15.4% | 16.6% | ||
| 4+ | 11.7% | 16.1% | 13.9% | 15.8% | 16.1% | 10.4% | ||
| No. Jobs Held in Past Year | ||||||||
| None | 17.3% | 21.6% | .55 | 19.4% | 15.0% | 20.8% | 21.5% | .64 |
| 1–2 | 64.5% | 59.2% | 61.8% | 61.7% | 60.4% | 63.2% | ||
| 3–4 | 12.2% | 15.1% | 13.7% | 17.5% | 13.4% | 11.0% | ||
| 5 or More | 6.1% | 4.1% | 5.1% | 5.8% | 5.4% | 4.3% | ||
| No. of Jobs Left in Past Year Due to Health Problems | ||||||||
| None | 66.8% | 74.8% | .7 | 70.8% | 65.8% | 71.1% | 74.2% | .31 |
| 1 or More | 33.2% | 25.2% | 29.2% | 34.2% | 28.9% | 25.8% | ||
| Number of Children‡ | 2.5 (1.3) | 2.5 (1.2) | .85 | 2.5 (1.3) | 2.6 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.2) | .31 |
| Mean Age of Children‡ | 6.6 (5.0) | 7.5 (6.0) | .20 | 7.1 (5.6) | 6.9 (5.4) | 7.0 (4.8) | 7.2 (6.3) | .11 |
| Single/unmarried | 89.3% | 87.6% | .60 | 88.4% | 88.3% | 92.6% | 84.7% | .09 |
| Total Household Income¥ | $687.5 (427.8) | $626.2 (440.3) | .11 | $656.6 (434.4) | $731.3 (462.5) | $582.3 (324.5) | $665.0 (518.8) | .11 |
| Number of Chronic Health Conditions‡ | 3.7 (2.1) | 3.8 (2.5) | .93 | 3.8 (2.3) | 3.8 (2.4) | 3.7 (2.2) | 3.8 (2.4) | .97 |
| Number of Generalized Symptoms‡ | 8.3 (6.4) | 7.9 (6.9) | .50 | 8.1 (6.6) | 7.8 (6.8) | 8.6 (7.0) | 7.8 (6.2) | .56 |
| BDI-II Depression Screen | ||||||||
| Positive (BDI-II ≥ 17) | 52.5% | 47.2% | .96 | 52.7% | 51% | 52.6% | 53.9% | .90 |
| Negative (BDI-II ≤ 17) | 47.5% | 52.8% | 47.3% | 49% | 47.4% | 46.1% | ||
| Functional Status (SF-12v2)ǂ | 61.9 (23.3) | 60.9 (23.7) | .66 | 61.4 (23.5) | 59.2 (22.5) | 62.8 (23.2) | 61.7 (24.5) | .34 |
| General Health (SF-12v2)ǂ | 41.1 (23.4) | 41.4 (23.4) | .87 | 41.3 (22.8) | 43.1 (24.6) | 39.2 (20.7) | 41.8 (23.3) | .42 |
Includes income from food stamps, TANF, work-related income, and income received from others; non-normal distribution; differences based on Wilcoxon rank sum.
Non-normal distribution; Wilcoxon rank sum test used to evaluate intervention and control group differences, and Kruskal-Wallis rank test used to assess group differences by recession exposure.
Differences in select characteristics between intervention and control group, at baseline.
Differences between groups that entered and completed study before onset of recession (No Exposure), entered the study before the onset of the recession but completed after the onset (Mixed-Exposure), and both entered and completed the study after the onset of the recession (Full Exposure); χ%2 or other non-parametric tests of significance.