Table 2.
Perceived Benefits of Exercise by Physical Activity Level
| Item | n (%) ENDORSED ITEMa
|
χ2 (p = )b | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 303) | Met Physical Activity Criteria
|
|||
| No (n = 186) | Yes (n = 117) | |||
| Decrease urges and cravings to use alcohol and/or drugs. | 170 (56.1%) | 101 (54.3%) | 69 (59.0%) | 0.64 (.425) |
| Decrease my depression. | 185 (61.1%) | 110 (59.1%) | 75 (64.1%) | 0.74 (.388) |
| Be less likely to relapse. | 198 (65.3%) | 113 (60.8%) | 85 (72.6%) | 4.49 (.034) |
| Experience less anxiety. | 212 (70.0%) | 121 (65.1%) | 91 (77.8%) | 5.53 (.019) |
| Manage stress better. | 212 (70.0%) | 124 (66.7%) | 88 (75.2%) | 2.50 (.114) |
| It would help me quit smoking. | 226 (74.6%) | 136 (73.1%) | 90 (76.9%) | 0.55 (.459) |
| Have fun. | 226 (74.6%) | 129 (69.4%) | 97 (82.9%) | 6.96 (.008) |
| Provide structure in my life. | 235 (77.6%) | 141 (75.8%) | 94 (80.3%) | 0.85 (.357) |
| Maintain or lose weight so I look better. | 237 (78.2%) | 143 (76.9%) | 94 (80.3%) | 0.50 (.477) |
| Increase my confidence to stay clean and sober. | 238 (78.5%) | 142 (76.3%) | 96 (82.1%) | 1.39 (.239) |
| Become physically fit. | 253 (83.5%) | 145 (78.0%) | 108 (92.3%) | 10.73 (.001) |
| Improve my cardiovascular fitness. | 267 (88.1%) | 161 (86.6%) | 106 (90.6%) | 1.12 (.290) |
| Feel stronger. | 269 (88.8%) | 163 (87.6%) | 106 (90.6%) | 0.63 (.426) |
| Increase my energy level. | 270 (89.1%) | 162 (87.1%) | 108 (92.3%) | 2.01 (.156) |
| Give me a sense of accomplishment. | 284 (93.7%) | 174 (93.5%) | 110 (94.0%) | 0.03 (.870) |
| Improve my health. | 291 (96.0%) | 180 (96.8%) | 111 (94.9%) | 0.68 (.408) |
a
Item Endorsement was defined as a score of 5 or higher on a 7 point response scale ranging from 1 “not at all true for me” to 7 “very true for me.” Items are ordered from lowest to highest endorsement rates in the total cohort.
b
Because these comparisons are intended to identify potentially important patterns in a cohort of methadone-maintained smokers, rather than test explicit a priori hypotheses, we did not adjust reported p-values for multiple comparisons; but if we had, the conservative Bonferonni adjusted p-value would have been .05/34 ≈ .001.