Table 1.

Retail-level characteristics by retailer compliance with underage tobacco sales laws in mid-sized California cities

	Compliant (N=854)	Non-compliant (N=143)	All retailers (N=997)
Mean young buyer real age	19.39 (.79)	20.14 (.99)	19.49 (.87)
Young buyer gender
% Male	92.5	7.5	51
% Female	78.5	21.5	49
Type of outlet
% Small markets	85.8	14.2	11.5
% Convenience store	84.6	15.4	46.3
% Smoke/tobacco shop	71.9	28.1	5.7
% Supermarket	85.2	14.8	10.8
% Drug/pharmacy store	90.6	9.4	9.6
% Liquor store	89.6	10.4	13.5
% Other	96.2	3.8	2.6
Clerk gender
% Male	83.7	16.3	61.4
% Female	89.3	10.7	38.4
Brand of cigarettes purchased
% Marlboro	91.3	8.7	47.3
% Newport	80.6	19.4	52.7
Mean clerk estimated age	35.43 (9.87)	35.49 (9.75)	35.45 (9.85)
Minimum age signs
% No	87.2	12.8	11.7
% Yes	85.7	14.3	86.8
Mean of number of customers in line behind buyers	.66 (1.05)	.61 (1.11)	.65 (1.06)
Asked about age
% No	89.7	10.3	85.3
% Yes	63.0	37.0	14.7

Note: Non-compliant means that a retailer sold cigarettes to a confederate buyer who judged to look younger than 18.