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. 2013 Feb 21;7:21. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2013.00021

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Copyright © Castro-Alamancos.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.

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Augmenting responses in motor cortex driven by ventrolateral (VL) thalamus activity at 7–14 Hz. (A) Intracellular (layer V) and field potential (FP) recordings showing an augmenting response evoked in motor cortex by electrical stimulation in VL at 10 Hz in a ketamine anesthetized rat (Castro-Alamancos and Connors, 1996b). (B) Behavioral state dependency of augmenting responses in a freely behaving rat (Castro-Alamancos and Connors, 1996c). The animal was allowed to freely explore the cage and locomotor activity was monitored with photobeam detectors. The amplitude of the responses to the first and second stimulus delivered at 10 Hz is plotted. The augmenting response is induced during periods of resting and awake immobility but is inactivated during periods of active exploration.