. 2013 Jan 16;68(2):298–309. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbs163

Table 4.

Odds Ratios Depicting Relationship Between Depression and Explanatory Pathways for Immigrants and Nonimmigrants and t-Test for Equality of Coefficients

	Nonimmigrants	Immigrants	t-Statistic for equality of coefficients
Age	0.84***	0.86	0.10
Age	[0.79,0.90]	[0.64,1.16]	0.10
Age squared	1.00***	1.00	−0.09
Age squared	[1.00,1.00]	[1.00,1.00]	−0.09
Drinking	0.94	1.03	0.33
Drinking	[0.82,1.07]	[0.59,1.81]	0.33
Current smoker	1.28***	1.18	−0.30
Current smoker	[1.12,1.45]	[0.74,1.89]	−0.30
>2 chronic diseases	2.19***	1.49^*	−1.58
>2 chronic diseases	[1.95,2.45]	[0.94,2.36]	−1.58
ADLs	3.56***	4.60^***	0.72
ADLs	[3.04,4.16]	[2.33,9.11]	0.72
Married	0.64***	0.71	0.32
Married	[0.56,0.74]	[0.40,1.24]	0.32
Number of children	1.06***	1.00	−0.78
Number of children	[1.02,1.10]	[0.88,1.14]	−0.78
Child living nearby	1.11*	1.14	0.09
Child living nearby	[0.99,1.25]	[0.73,1.77]	0.09
Provides care	1.07	0.54^**	−2.19
Provides care	[0.94,1.23]	[0.30,0.98]	−2.19
Participates in charity	0.91	0.74	−0.41
Participates in charity	[0.76,1.10]	[0.27,1.98]	−0.41
Pursuing continuing education	1.03	0.92	0.23
Pursuing continuing education	[0.79,1.34]	[0.30,2.85]	0.23
Participates in sports clubs	0.76***	0.39^**	−1.75
Participates in sports clubs	[0.66,0.89]	[0.18,0.82]	−1.75
Participation in a religious org	0.71***	1.38	1.63
Participation in a religious org	[0.56,0.89]	[0.64,2.97]	1.63
Participates in a political org	1.00	1.32	0.24
Participates in a political org	[0.77,1.29]	[0.14,12.8]	0.24
Citizenship		1.19
Citizenship		[0.76,1.88]
Time since immigration (yr)		1.00
Time since immigration (yr)		[0.99,1.02]
Education (in yr)	0.97***	0.94^**	−1.39
Education (in yr)	[0.96,0.99]	[0.90,0.99]	−1.39
Working	0.39***	0.44^***	0.34
Working	[0.32,0.49]	[0.24,0.82]	0.34
Retired	0.51***	0.90	1.57
Retired	[0.41,0.63]	[0.46,1.78]	1.57
Eq. HH income	1.00	0.99	−1.59
Eq. HH income	[1.00,1.00]	[0.98,1.00]	−1.59
Germany	0.97	1.88	1.12
Germany	[0.71,1.32]	[0.62,5.77]	1.12
Sweden	0.91	3.55^**	2.15
Sweden	[0.67,1.23]	[1.06,11.8]	2.15
The Netherlands	1.19	4.41^**	2.17
The Netherlands	[0.89,1.61]	[1.41,13.8]	2.17
Spain	1.51^***	2.58	0.59
Spain	[1.12,2.02]	[0.43,15.4]	0.59
Italy	2.08^***	16.3^**	1.63
Italy	[1.57,2.77]	[1.39,190.9]	1.63
France	1.88^***	3.10^**	0.87
France	[1.41,2.51]	[1.04,9.18]	0.87
Denmark	0.85	9.16^***	3.16
Denmark	[0.60,1.19]	[2.17,38.6]	3.16
Greece	1.27	1.71	0.34
Greece	[0.94,1.70]	[0.31,9.54]	0.34
Switzerland	1.07	2.51	1.29
Switzerland	[0.71,1.61]	[0.73,8.63]	1.29
Belgium	1.19	1.91	0.76
Belgium	[0.90,1.58]	[0.59,6.16]	0.76
N	11,525	657

Note. Exponentiated coefficients; 95% confidence intervals within brackets.*p < .1. **p < .05. ***p < .01.