Fig. 3.

Effects of inflammatory cytokines on CB1R mRNA expression in trigeminal ganglia primary cultures. Real-time polymerase chain reaction data following individual or combination of cytokines applications were compared to those of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) treatment in cultures prepared from male (A,B) and female (C,D) rats. All data are normalized to untreated samples and presented as mean percent change in CB1R mRNA transcripts. Data are shown as mean ± SE and each group consisted of 5–6 replicates. *denotes significant differences compared to PBS group at P < 0.05. IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.