Table 1. Morphological characteristics, including weight in kilogram (kg), dress color, body length in centimetre (cm), width of horn and length of skull in millimetre (mm) of the four recognized subspecies of African buffalos (out of literature).

	S. c. caffer	S. c. nanus	S. c. aequinoctialis	S. c. brachyceros
Weight (kg)	700–900 [26], [74]	<320 [26], [74]	intermediate	intermediate
Dress	blackish [78]	reddish [74], [76]	brown/black [75]	brown/black [75]
Body length (cm)	<340 [26], [74]	<120 [26], [74]	intermediate	intermediate
Width of horn at base (mm)	224±21.5 [46]	128±9.75 [46]	212±17.2 [46]	166±18.3 [46]
Length of skull (mm)	503±17.9 [46]	426±10.7 [46]	500±18.2 [46]	455±22.9 [46]