Table 3.

Effect of curcuminoid/piperine co-administration on the pharmacokinetics of flurbiprofen and 4-OH-flurbiprofen

	Mean ± SD (n = 8)		P value*	Geometric mean ratio (90% CI)
	Placebo	Curcuminoid/Piperine
Flurbiprofen
Cmax (μg ml−1)	12.3 ± 2.0	11.6 ± 2.2	0.35	0.94 (0.83, 1.06)
tmax (h)	2.6 ± 01.3	1.8 ± 0.8	0.14
t1/2 (h)	4.2 ± 1.1	4.2 ± 1.0	0.36
AUC(0,∞) (μg ml−1 h)	75.4 ± 21.7	72.6 ± 20.4	0.22	0.97 (0.93, 1.00)
Clearance (ml min−1)	23.6 ± 6.2	24.4 ± 6.1	0.22
Clearance (ml min−1 kg−1)	0.31 ± 0.08	0.32 ± 0.09	0.07
4-OH-flurbiprofen
Cmax (μg ml−1)	0.5 ± 0.2	0.5 ± 0.2	0.26
tmax (h)	3.6 ± 1.1	2.0 ± 0.7	0.05
AUC(0,∞) (μg ml−1 h)	3.8 ± 1.1	3.9 ± 1.0	0.09

^*Statistical comparisons were made with the Student's paired t-test on rank-transformed values.