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. 2012 Aug 16;90(1):130–140. doi: 10.1007/s11524-012-9751-1

Table 3.

Frequency distributions for demographic and neighborhood disadvantage characteristics by gambling status (N = 596)

Overall Past-year gamblersa Frequent gamblersb Gamblers with problemsc
N (col %) n (row %) aOR 95 % CI p n (row %) aOR 95 % CI p n (row %) aOR 95 % CI p
Neighborhood inhabitants
Low disadvantage 221 (37.1) 59 (26.7) 1.00 18 (30.5) 1.00 11 (18.6) 1.00
High disadvantage 375 (62.9) 129 (34.4) 1.31 0.87, 1.99 0.20 62 (48.1) 2.26 1.01, 5.02 0.05 48 (37.2) 2.81 1.18, 6.69 0.02
Neighborhood surroundings
Low disadvantage 240 (40.3) 82 (34.2) 1.00 35 (42.7) 1.00 26 (31.7) 1.00
High disadvantage 356 (59.7) 106 (29.8) 0.75 0.53, 1.08 0.12 45 (42.5) 0.98 0.47, 2.04 0.96 33 (31.1) 1.09 0.55, 2.14 0.81

All models adjusted for perceived racism, sex, race, household, subsidized lunch, intervention, and neighborhood factors

aReference group = nongamblers

bReference group = infrequent past-year gamblers

cReference group = past-year gamblers with no gambling problems