Table 1.
Estimates of means, genetic variance components, heritability and phenotypic (r p) and genotypic (r g) correlations between grains yield (GY) and anthesis-silking interval (ASI) for families on the three populations in single and multi-environments
Env. | GY (t/ha) | ASI (days) | Correlations | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Max | Min |
|
|
|
|
CV | Mean | Max | Min |
|
|
|
|
CV | r p | r g | |
CML444 × MALAWI | ||||||||||||||||||
MWW | 9.60 | 14.69 | 4.43 | 1.41 | – | 2.68 | 0.51 | 17.64 | 0.74 | 5.31 | −1.48 | 0.25 | – | 0.78 | 0.39 | 127.88 | −0.06ns | −0.14ns |
ZWW | 7.19 | 12.33 | 3.10 | 0.56 | – | 3.85 | 0.22 | 30.13 | 0.91 | 13.50 | −1.00 | 0.05 | – | 0.67 | 0.13 | 91.01 | −0.05ns | −0.45** |
MWS10 | 5.64 | 10.50 | 1.57 | 1.50 | – | 1.33 | 0.74 | 22.35 | 2.06 | 5.99 | −2.47 | 0.65 | – | 2.29 | 0.36 | 74.23 | −0.28** | −0.36** |
MWS11 | 4.30 | 8.15 | 1.81 | 0.79 | – | 2.18 | 0.63 | 25.55 | 4.10 | 9.53 | 0.42 | 1.92 | – | 3.30 | 0.54 | 49.86 | −0.51*** | −0.87*** |
KWS | 3.83 | 5.96 | 2.05 | 0.36 | – | 0.46 | 0.61 | 19.74 | 2.02 | 7.21 | 0.07 | 0.83 | – | 1.34 | 0.55 | 60.19 | −0.40** | −0.67*** |
WW | 8.58 | 11.60 | 5.54 | 0.14 | 0.56** | 2.96 | 0.10 | 19.14 | 0.87 | 7.00 | −0.75 | 0.07 | 0.08ns | 1.57 | 0.14 | 118.11 | −0.05ns | NAф |
WS | 4.64 | 6.76 | 2.20 | 0.21 | 0.91*** | 1.03 | 0.31 | 24.61 | 2.83 | 8.34 | 0.12 | 0.57 | 0.68*** | 2.34 | 0.48 | 45.67 | −0.53** | NAф |
ALL | 6.14 | 8.33 | 3.68 | 0.22 | 0.84*** | 1.95 | 0.38 | 15.99 | 2.03 | 5.11 | −0.15 | 0.28 | 0.52*** | 2.05 | 0.48 | 44.27 | −0.21** | NAф |
CML440 × CML504 | ||||||||||||||||||
MWW | 8.61 | 12.29 | 4.95 | 0.86 | – | 0.77 | 0.69 | 10.66 | 0.85 | 3.01 | −0.50 | 0.12 | – | 0.73 | 0.25 | 104.06 | −0.14* | −0.41* |
ZWW | 11.39 | 17.94 | 6.37 | 1.47 | – | 3.95 | 0.43 | 18.34 | −0.06 | 2.50 | −2.00 | 0.00 | – | 1.33 | 0.00 | −1,946.11 | −0.10ns | NAф |
MWS10 | 6.13 | 8.23 | 3.56 | 0.34 | – | 0.71 | 0.49 | 15.00 | 2.37 | 8.33 | −0.32 | 0.39 | – | 1.77 | 0.31 | 59.67 | −0.09ns | −0.24* |
MWS11 | 4.25 | 6.59 | 1.86 | 0.51 | – | 0.42 | 0.71 | 17.40 | 4.66 | 9.89 | 1.73 | 1.16 | – | 2.06 | 0.53 | 33.42 | −0.53*** | −0.86*** |
KWS | 4.24 | 5.94 | 2.69 | 0.11 | – | 0.47 | 0.32 | 17.65 | 2.50 | 5.53 | 0.38 | 0.42 | – | 1.04 | 0.45 | 42.85 | −0.28** | −0.66** |
WW | 10.00 | 14.22 | 6.88 | 0.61 | 0.55* | 2.40 | 0.41 | 13.59 | 0.40 | 1.81 | −0.79 | 0.01 | 0.03ns | 1.14 | 0.04 | 195.24 | −0.09* | NAф |
WS | 4.88 | 6.36 | 3.38 | 0.11 | 0.22** | 0.56 | 0.39 | 12.35 | 3.18 | 6.15 | 1.18 | 0.39 | 0.26*** | 1.63 | 0.52 | 27.47 | −0.26** | −0.65** |
ALL | 6.93 | 9.23 | 5.00 | 0.23 | 0.46** | 1.31 | 0.51 | 9.95 | 2.07 | 3.78 | 0.67 | 0.18 | 0.22*** | 1.41 | 0.48 | 30.34 | −0.21* | −0.56** |
CML444 × CML441 | ||||||||||||||||||
MWW | 10.81 | 14.15 | 2.93 | 1.73 | – | 1.33 | 0.72 | 10.67 | 0.35 | 2.96 | −2.03 | 0.17 | – | 0.38 | 0.47 | 186.81 | −0.15* | −0.25* |
ZWW | 8.99 | 12.67 | 2.47 | 0.96 | – | 1.75 | 0.52 | 14.71 | 0.33 | 2.00 | −2.00 | 0.00 | – | 0.33 | 0.00 | 339.80 | 0.15ns | 0.07ns |
MWS10 | 5.71 | 9.33 | 0.74 | 1.04 | – | 0.84 | 0.71 | 17.56 | 3.07 | 7.32 | 0.45 | 0.92 | – | 1.20 | 0.61 | 38.17 | −0.35*** | −0.55*** |
MWS11 | 5.33 | 8.33 | 2.08 | 0.71 | – | 0.68 | 0.67 | 17.55 | 4.70 | 9.04 | 0.37 | 1.14 | – | 1.74 | 0.57 | 30.89 | −0.33*** | −0.45** |
KWS | 1.83 | 3.40 | 0.09 | 0.02 | – | 0.42 | 0.11 | 37.15 | 6.85 | 15.81 | 1.51 | 2.00 | – | 7.23 | 0.36 | 42.73 | −0.61** | NAф |
ZWS | 1.81 | 3.40 | 0.39 | 0.06 | – | 0.48 | 0.19 | 39.59 | 8.00 | 16.25 | 0.66 | 0.24 | – | 12.43 | 0.04 | 45.27 | −0.33*** | NAф |
WW | 9.91 | 12.66 | 3.27 | 0.38 | 1.05*** | 1.50 | 0.30 | 15.82 | 0.34 | 3.00 | −2.00 | 0.09 | 0.00ns | 0.76 | 0.32 | 218.10 | −0.21** | NAф |
WS | 3.66 | 5.79 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.36*** | 0.63 | 0.46 | 18.25 | 5.65 | 11.22 | 1.48 | 0.72 | 0.37*** | 5.42 | 0.48 | 33.34 | −0.39*** | NAф |
ALL | 5.73 | 7.53 | 1.91 | 0.30 | 0.49*** | 0.91 | 0.66 | 11.53 | 3.88 | 7.54 | −0.29 | 0.44 | 0.33*** | 3.99 | 0.53 | 27.03 | −0.67*** | NAф |
WW well-watered environments (Mexico and Zimbabwe), WS water stress environments (Mexico10, Mexico11, Kenya and ZWS), ALL combined analysis across all environments
***, ** and * Significance at P < 0.001, 0.01 and 0.05, respectively