Table 3.

Genetic characteristics of QTLs for GY and ASI mapped across well-watered (WW), water stress (WS) and combined all five environments (ALL) on RILs in population CML444 × MALAWI

Trait	QTL position								Additive genetic effects						Direction
	Enva	Chr	Pos. (cM)	Marker interval	Physical positionb	LOD		R 2	\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ R^{2}_{\text{QEI}} $$\end{document}	MWS	ZWW	MWS10	MWS11	KWS
						G	QEI
GY	WW	1	135.0	pza02763.1–pza03200.2	101.42–148.69	7.35	0.01	18.93	2.11	0.62	0.31	–	–	–	CML444
	WS	5	225.0	bnlg1346–bnlg118	205.74–211.04	2.92	1.12	4.10	0.63	–	–	0.25	0.10	0.15	CML444
		7	82.0	phm9162.135–bnlg155	137.83–145.24	3.35	0.53	5.43	2.66	–	–	0.33	0.24	0.01	CML444
		9	85.0	umc81–pzb01899.1	49.03–98.50	3.00	0.00	3.49	0.32	–	–	0.17	0.20	0.09	CML444
		10	56.0	pza00337.4–bnlg1079	86.32–89.43	2.83	0.00	2.58	1.77	–	–	0.29	0.03	0.08	MALAWI
	ALL	5	228.0	bnlg118–phm3612.19	216.91–212.48	2.89	1.55	4.42	0.41	0.16	0.13	0.22	0.09	0.21	CML444
		7	82.0	phm9162.135–bnlg155	137.83–145.24	4.02	1.06	5.96	1.90	0.20	0.16	0.33	0.24	0.01	CML444
		9	89.0	umc81–pzb01899.1	49.03–98.50	2.97	0.00	3.19	0.19	0.13	0.11	0.17	0.17	0.09	CML444
ASI	WW	5	142.0	pzb01017.1–pza02641.2	158.03–168.92	2.64	0.00	3.19	0.00	0.10	0.09	–	–	–	MALAWI
	WS	1	139.0	pza02135.2–phm1809.18	166.55–183.29	2.61	0.00	1.62	0.66	–	–	0.11	0.26	0.05	CML444
		2	260.0	pzb00901.4–bnlg2042	9.40–9.54	2.74	0.14	3.08	0.04	–	–	0.22	0.17	0.18	CML444
		3	81.0	pza00210.9–zb21.1	29.69–37.53	2.89	0.00	4.92	0.95	–	–	0.14	0.39	0.19	CML444
		3	175.0	umc3b–umc16a	191.05–205.53	6.66	0.00	8.09	3.20	–	–	0.19	0.59	0.16	MALAWI
		8	55.0	phm2350.17–pza01301.1	23.98–82.23	4.64	0.00	7.03	2.98	–	–	0.05	0.51	0.30	MALAWI
	ALL	1	183.0	pza01039.1–phm3690.23	−217.50**	3.75	0.84	5.06	1.53	0.09	0.13	0.07	0.30	0.27	CML444
		3	137.0	bnl10.24a–PZA02212.1	170.95–174.55	2.53	1.46	4.01	1.68	0.12	0.00	0.24	0.12	0.28	MALAWI
		9	54.0	umc81–pzb01899.1	49.03–98.50	2.79	1.08	2.40	0.70	0.16	0.02	0.15	0.07	0.19	MALAWI
		10	62.0	pza00337.4–bnlg1079	86.32–89.43	2.72	0.00	2.26	0.58	0.03	0.06	0.17	0.16	0.15	CML444

^“**”Denotes unknown genomic region

^aJoint analysis across WW: well-watered environments (MWW and ZWW), WS: water stress environments (MWS10, MWS11 and KWS) and combined all five environments (ALL)

^bPhysical positions of the flanking markers on chromosomes in Mb (10⁶ pb). LOD_G, LOD score for genetic effects across environments; LOD_QEI, LOD score of the QTL × environment interaction; R ², percentage of phenotype variance explained by the QTL across environments; \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ R^{2}_{\text{QEI}} $$\end{document}, phenotype variation explained by main effects QTL × environment interaction across environments