Fig. 4.

Metabolic temperature-response parameters for bryophyte species from sea level (BT), 500 m (PS) and 1200 m (F) in Panama: (A) temperature optima of net photosynthesis (NP; n = 6 species; (B) temperature where NP equals dark respiration rates (R_D; n = 6 species); (C) Q₁₀ of R_D (n = 6 species, except BT, where n = 5 species, calculated at ± 3 °C of mean night temperature, BT = 24 °C, PS = 21 °C, F = 18 °C). Error bars indicate s.d. Letters indicate significant differences between altitudes (P < 0·001 for optimum temperature and P < 0·01 for NP = R_D, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD-test).