. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Matern Child Health J. 2013 Nov;17(9):10.1007/s10995-012-1180-y. doi: 10.1007/s10995-012-1180-y

Table 1.

Bivariable analyses for participants meeting and not meeting criteria for depressive symptoms (n=71)

Characteristic	Does not meet criteria (EPDS <9) (n=47)	Meets criteria (EPDS ≥9) (n=24)	P value

Edinburgh score, mean (SD)	3.8 (2.5)	11.4 (2.2)	<.0001

Age, mean (SD)	33.1 (5.5)	34.1 (5.1)	0.44

Minority (Black, Asian, Hispanic), N (%)	29 (62%)	13 (54%)	0.54

More than high school education, N (%)	39 (85%)	20 (83%)	0.87

Multiparous, N (%)	22 (47%)	16 (67%)	0.11^*

History of depression, N (%)	6 (13%)	3 (13%)	0.97

Has a partner, N (%)	37 (79%)	22 (92%)	0.15^*

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD)	29.4 (6.2)	32.0 (5.5)	0.09^*

Gestational weight gain (lbs), mean (SD)	25.3 (14.4)	34.3 (20.5)	0.035^*
Exceeded IOM gestational weight gain guidelines, N (%)	27 (57%)	16 (67%)	0.05^**

Cesarean delivery, N (%)	15 (32%)	16 (67%)	0.005^*
Unplanned cesarean delivery, N (%)	9 (19%)	4 (17%)	0.80

Used insulin during pregnancy, N (%)	33 (70%)	18 (75%)	0.67

Exclusively or partially breastfeeding at early postpartum visit, N (%)	39 (83%)	17 (71%)	0.24

Met criteria to be included in model due to P<.2

^**

Used in sensitivity analysis