Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | All **N = 2,230 |
Poor sleep quality **N = 1,175 |
Good sleep quality **N = 1,055 |
*P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age (Mean ± SD) | 21.6 ± 1.7 | 21.7 ± 1.8 | 21.6 ± 1.6 | 0.035 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 18-19 | 123 (5.5) | 59 (5.0) | 64 (6.1) | |
| 20 | 454 (20.4) | 238 (20.3) | 216 (20.5) | |
| 21 | 627 (28.1) | 321 (27.3) | 306 (29.0) | 0.436 |
| 22 and older | 1,026 (46.0) | 557 (47.4) | 469 (44.4) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1,700 (77.3) | 880 (75.9) | 820 (78.9) | |
| Female | 499 (22.7) | 279 (24.1) | 220 (21.1) | 0.103 |
| Cigarette smoking status | ||||
| Never | 2,146 (96.2) | 1,126 (95.8) | 1,020 (96.7) | |
| Ever | 84 (3.8) | 49 (4.2) | 35 (3.3) | 0.291 |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| <1 drink/month | 1,900 (85.2) | 994 (84.6) | 906 (85.9) | |
| 1–19 drinks/month | 303 (13.6) | 162 (13.8) | 141 (13.4) | 0.168 |
| ≥20 drinks/month | 27 (1.2) | 19 (1.6) | 8 (0.8) | |
| Khat consumption | ||||
| No | 1,751 (89.3) | 904 (88.1) | 847 (90.7) | |
| Yes | 209 (10.7) | 122 (11.9) | 87 (9.3) | 0.065 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 857 (38.6) | 445 (38.0) | 412 (39.2) | |
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 1,337 (60.2) | 719 (61.3) | 618 (58.9) | 0.025 |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 28 (1.2) | 8 (0.7) | 20 (1.9) | |
| Any physical activity | ||||
| No | 607 (28.9) | 293 (26.5) | 314 (31.5) | |
| Yes | 1,495 (71.1) | 813 (73.5) | 682 (68.5) | 0.011 |
*P value from Chi-square test for categorical variables or from Student's t-test for continuous variables.
**Numbers may not add up due to missing data for selected variables.