Table 2.
Parasite | Receptor | Model | In vivo/in vitro | Role | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Protozoo | |||||
L. donovani | MR | BALB/c mice | in vivo/ in vitro | Uptake of mannose containing glycoconjugates | [48] |
MR | Swiss albino mice | in vitro | Binding promastigotes | [36] | |
MR | hmDMØ | in vitro | Attachment and ingestion promastigotes | [49] | |
L. amazonensis | MR | Skin Fbls | in vitro | Uptake of mannosylated ligands | [6] |
L. major | MR | BMDMs MR-KO mice |
in vivo | Recognizes mannose residues on the surface Leishmania, but it's not essential for host defense | [45] |
L. pifanoi | DC-SIGN | MDDCs cell line K562 |
in vitro | Binding and internalization of amastigotes | [50] |
L. pifanoi
L. infantum |
DC-SIGN | IMDDCs cell lineK562 |
in vitro | Receptor for promastigotes and amastigote infective stages from both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis | [51] |
T. cruzi
Tulahuen strain |
MR | BALB/c mice Cell line J774 (MØ) |
in vivo/in vitro | Bind to Cz, increasing MR recycling which leads to arginase activity | [46] |
Y and DM strains | MR | CM and MØ | in vitro | Adhesion and uptake of parasites | [52] |
T. brucei | MGL | C57BL/6 mice BALB/c mice |
in vivo | Marker of aaMØ | [53] |
Nematodes | |||||
T. muris | MR | C57BL/6 MR-KO mice | in vivo/in vitro | Recognized components E/S of parasites | [47] |
Trematodes | |||||
S. mansoni | MGL | Cell lines SW948, SKBR3, ZR75-1 CHO, BLM, FM3.29 FM6, SK23mel |
in vitro | Recognized LDN and LDNF glycans | [54] |
MGL | Human DCs | in vitro | Internalization of glycolipids of SEA | [55] | |
DC-SIGN | Human DCs | in vitro | Adhesion to glycolipids of SEA | [7] | |
DC-SIGN | Human DCs | in vitro | Recognize glycans of SEA | [56] | |
L-SIGN | Cell line K562 | in vitro | Binds to structures Lea,b,y of SEA | [8] | |
L-SING | Cell line K562 | in vitro | Binds and internalization of SEA | [57] | |
SIGNR1 | BALB/c WT or SIGNR1-KO |
in vivo/in vitro | Recognize antigens of AWA and SEA | [9] | |
Dectin-2 | C57BL/6 | in vivo/in vitro | Binds SEA component | [58] | |
MR | C57BL/6 WT or MR-KO |
in vivo/in vitro | Internalization E/S material by schistosome larvae | [59] | |
Cestodes T. crassiceps |
MGL DC-SIGN |
Human DCs | in vitro | TcES positively modulated the expression of MGL but negatively modulated DC-SIGN | [60] |
Abbreviations: MR: mannose receptor; DC-SIGN: dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin; SIGNR-1: SIGN-related 1; homologe DC-SIGN; mMGL: macrophage galactose type c-lectin; L-SIGN: liver/lymph node-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin; Fbls: fibroblasts; BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; MDDCs: monocyte-derived dendritic cells; IMDDCs: immature monocyte-derived DCs; MØ: macrophages; CM: cardiomyocyte; Cz: cruzipaina; E/S: excretory/secretory; LDN: [GalNAcβ1–4GlcNAc-R]; LDNF: [GalNAcβ1–4(Fucα1–3)GluNAc-R]; SEA: soluble egg antigens; Le: structures of Lewis; AWA: adult worm antigen; TcES: Taenia crassiceps excreted-secreted antigens.