Table 1.
A summary of studies of behaviourally and pharmacologically induced weight loss in obstructive sleep apnoea.
| Paper | Design | n | % Male | Group | Intervention | Followup months | ΔBMI | ΔAHI | % With OSA cure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Johansson et al., 2011 [42] | Prospective cohort | 63 | 100 | BMI 30–40, AHI ≥ 15 | VLCD and weight maintenance programme | 12 | 35→31 | 36→19 | 10 |
| Nerfeldt et al., 2010 [47] | Prospective cohort | 33 | 73% | BMI ≥ 30, AHI ≥ 10 and/or ODI ≥ 6, OSAS symptoms | LCD and behavioural change support | 24 | 40→35 | 43→28 | ? |
| Johansson et al., 2009 [41] | Randomised, controlled, and parallel group | 63 | 100 | BMI 30–40, AHI ≥ 15 | VLCD | 2 | 34→29 v 35→35 |
37→12 v 37→35 |
17 v 0 |
| Tuomilehto et al., 2009 [46] | Randomised, controlled, and parallel group | 72 | 74 | BMI 28–40 kg/m2, AHI 5–15 events/hr | VLCD, supervised lifestyle counselling | 12 | 33→? v 31→? |
10→6 v 9→10 |
63% v 35% |
| Barnes et al., 2009 [45] | Cohort | 12 | 25 | BMI > 30 kg/m2, AHI 10–50 events/hr | VLCD and exercise programme | 12 | 36→30 | 25→18 | 0 |
| Foster et al., 2009 [94] | Randomised, controlled, and parallel group | 264 | 41 | BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, AHI ≥ 5 events/hr, type 2 diabetes | Intensive lifestyle intervention (diet/exercise) | 12 | 37→? v 37→? |
23→18 v 24→28 |
14 v 4 |
| Kemppainen et al., 2008 [44] | Randomised, controlled, and parallel group | 52 | 79 | BMI 28–40 kg/m2, AHI 5–15 events/hr | VLCD, supervised lifestyle counselling | 3 | 33→? v 32→? |
11→8 v 9→8 |
? |
| Kajaste et al., 2004 [48] | Cohort | 31 | 100 | BMI > 35 kg/m2, ODI > 10 events/hr | VLCD, CBT weight reduction program | 24 | 44→40 | 51→32 (ODI) | ? |
| Kansanen et al., 1998 [40] | Prospective, cohort | 15 | 93 | Overweight with OSA | VLCD | 3 | 38→35 | 31→19 (ODI) | 20 |
| Suratt et al., 1992 [39] | Cohort | 8 | 62 | Obese with OSA | VLCD | ? | 54→46 | 90→62 | ? |
| Ferland et al., 2009 [56] | Nonrandomised, parallel group | 40 | 88 | BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, OSAS | Sibutramine, diet and exercise v CPAP | 12 | 37→35 v 36→36 |
40→37 v 44→4 |
? |
| Phillips et al., 2009 [55] | Cohort | 93 | 100 | BMI 30–38 kg/m2, RDI ≥ 15 events/hr | Sibutramine, diet and exercise | 6 | 34→32 | 46→30 (RDI) | ? |
| Yee et al., 2007 [54] | Cohort | 87 | 100 | BMI 30–38 kg/m2, RDI ≥ 15 events/hr | Sibutramine, diet and exercise | 6 | 34→32 | 46→30 (RDI) | 5 |
| Martinez and Basile, 2005 [53] | Randomised, double-blind, and controlled group | 19 | 100 | BMI 25–35 kg/m2, AHI ≥ 10 events/hr | Sibutramine v placebo | 1 | ? | 28→27 v 28→28 |
? |
Abbreviations: ΔAHI: apnoea hypopnoea index before and after intervention, ΔBMI: body mass index before and after intervention, CBT: cognitive behavioural therapy, CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure, n number, ODI: oxygen desaturation index, OSA: obstructive sleep apnoea, OSAS: obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, RDI: respiratory disturbance index, (V)LCD: (very) low calorie diet.