Table 3.
Factors at Intake by Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Status in Participants With Oppositional Defiant Disorder or Conduct Disorder
| DMDD+ (n=176) | DMDD– (n = 124) | Test Statistic/Relative Risk (95% CI) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Sex, male, % | 67 | 74 | 0.90 (0.78–1.05) | NS |
| Race, white, % | 58 | 65 | 0.90 (0.75–1.08) | NS |
| Age, mean ± SD, y | 9.3 ± 1.8 | 9.5 ± 2.0 | t = 1.2 | NS |
| Lives with both biological parents, % | 28 | 27 | 1.05 (0.72–1.52) | NS |
| Primary caretaker education, % | ||||
| No or some high school | 13 | 20 | Z = 1.9 | .06 |
| GED or high school diploma | 25 | 29 | ||
| Some post–high school, no degree | 29 | 24 | ||
| Associate's degree or other post–high school certification | 22 | 15 | ||
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 12 | 12 | ||
| Diagnoses, % | ||||
| Any mood disorder | 42 | 44 | 0.94 (0.72–1.22) | NS |
| Any bipolar spectrum diagnosis | 22 | 20 | 1.10 (0.70–1.72) | NS |
| Any depressive disorder | 19 | 24 | 0.80 (0.52–1.23) | NS |
| ADHD | 80 | 75 | 1.07 (0.94–1.21) | NS |
| Any anxiety disorder | 20 | 22 | 0.91 (0.58–1.43) | NS |
| Psychotic disorder | 2 | 3 | 0.53 (0.12–2.32) | NS |
| Pervasive developmental disorder | 3 | 1 | 4.23 (0.52–34.7) | NS |
| Dimensional measures of psychopathology, mean ± SD | ||||
| YMRS total scorea | 15.5 ± 7.8 | 15.0 ± 7.6 | t = 0.6 | NS |
| CDRS-R total scorea | 33.1 ± 9.5 | 32.3 ± 10.3 | t = 0.7 | NS |
| K-SADS Depression Rating Scale total score | 7.8 ± 5.7 | 7.1 ± 5.9 | t = 1.0 | NS |
| K-SADS Mania Rating Scale total scorea | 10.6 ± 8.3 | 8.8 ± 7.8 | t = 1.9 | .06 |
| CAASI-4R subscale score | ||||
| ADHD—inattentive | 19.6 ± 6.0 | 18.4 ± 6.3 | t = 1.7 | NS |
| ADHD—hyperactive/impulsive | 18.1 ± 6.6 | 17.3 ± 6.5 | t = 1.0 | NS |
| ADHD—combined | 37.7 ± 11.1 | 35.7 ± 11.5 | t = 1.5 | NS |
| SCARED-P score | 17.8 ± 12.4 | 17.3 ± 12.4 | t = 0.3 | NS |
| Functioning, mean ± SD | ||||
| CGAS score (current) | 50.8 ± 9.2 | 51.5 ± 10.3 | t = 0.6 | NS |
| CGAS score (most severe past) | 48.1 ± 10.3 | 46.1 ± 10.3 | t = 1.3 | NS |
a
Irritability item not included in the total score.
Abbreviations: ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, CAASI-4R = Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4R, CDRS-R = Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised, CGAS = Children's Global Assessment Scale, CI = confidence interval, DMDD– = did not meet criteria for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, DMDD+ = met criteria for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, GED = General Equivalency Diploma, NS = nonsignificant, SCARED-P = Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, YMRS = Young Mania Rating Scale.