Table 3. Prognostic factors associated with treatment success.
| Covariate | Classification (n) | n (%) of treatment success | Univariable OR (95% CI) | p value | Multivariate aOR a (95% CI) | p value |
| Group | TMTC era (290) | 239 (82) | 2.9(2.0–4.2) | <0.001 | 2.8(1.9–4.2) | <0.001 |
| Pre-TMTC era (361) | 222 (61) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Sex | Male (494) | 341 (69) | 0.7(0.5–1.0) | 0.076 | 0.8(0.5–1.3) | 0.351 |
| Female (157) | 120 (76) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Aboriginal | Yes (124) | 88 (71) | 1.0(0.7–1.6) | 0.967 | — | |
| No (527) | 373 (71) | Reference | — | |||
| BMI | <22 (397) | 270 (68) | Reference | Reference | ||
| 22∼26 (191) | 146 (76) | 1.5(1.0–2.3) | 0.036 | 1.7(1.1–2.6) | 0.021 | |
| >26 (63) | 45 (71) | 1.2(0.7–2.1) | 0.588 | 1.1(0.6–2.2) | 0.709 | |
| Age | <35 (128) | 102 (80) | 2.3(1.4–4.0) | 0.002 | 2.6(1.4–4.8) | 0.001 |
| 35∼60 (346) | 248 (72) | 1.5(1.0–2.2) | 0.037 | 2.1(1.4–3.3) | <0.001 | |
| >60 (177) | 111 (63) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Alcohol | Yes (125) | 82 (66) | 0.7(0.5–1.1) | 0.155 | — | |
| No (526) | 379 (72) | Reference | — | |||
| Diabetics | Yes (234) | 157 (67) | 0.8(0.5–1.1) | 0.118 | — | |
| No (417) | 304 (73) | Reference | — | |||
| Hypertension | Yes (104) | 72 (69) | 0.9(0.6–1.4) | 0.698 | — | |
| No (547) | 389 (71) | Reference | — | |||
| Hepatitis B | Yes (51) | 36 (71) | 1.0(0.5–1.9) | 0.971 | — | |
| No (600) | 425 (71) | Reference | — | |||
| Hepatitis C | Yes (56) | 29 (52) | 0.4(0.2–0.7) | 0.001 | 0.4(0.2–0.7) | 0.002 |
| No (595) | 432 (73) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Cavitary lesion on CXR | Yes (282) | 182 (65) | 0.6(0.4–0.8) | 0.002 | 0.6(0.4–0.9) | 0.023 |
| No (369) | 279 (76) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Smear-negative at the time of MDR-TB diagnosis | Negative (232) | 178 (77) | 1.6(1.1–2.3) | 0.014 | — | |
| Positive (419) | 283 (68) | Reference | — | |||
| Culture converted before second-line drug | Negative (145) | 117 (81) | 2.0(1.3–3.1) | 0.003 | 1.5(0.9–2.5) | 0.100 |
| Positive (506) | 344 (68) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Number of first-line drugs to which isolate is resistant | ≥3 (308) | 201 (65) | 0.6(0.4–0.8) | 0.003 | 0.6(0.4–0.8) | 0.002 |
| <3 (343) | 260 (76) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Treatment delay b | No (457) | 328 (72) | 1.2(0.8–1.7) | 0.409 | — | |
| Yes (194) | 133 (69) | Reference | — | |||
| Patient classification | New (245) | 194 (79) | 8.7(4.6–16.7) | <0.001 | 7.0(3.5–14.0) | <0.001 |
| Relapse+ treatment after default+ treatment after failure of the first treatment (350) | 250 (71) | 5.8(3.1–10.6) | <0.001 | 5.1(2.7–9.9) | <0.001 | |
| Treatment after failure of re-treatment (56) | 17 (30) | Reference | Reference |
a
Multiple logistic analysis, adjusted with covariates chosen by Akaike information criterion (AIC).
b
Treatment delay: the lag between sputum collection of MDR-TB and start of second-line drug > 120 days.
Abbreviations: aOR: adjusted odds ratio; BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; CXR: chest X-ray; MDR: multidrug-resistant; TB: tuberculosis; TMTC: Taiwan Multi-drug Resistance Tuberculosis Consortiums.