Table 2.
Bilateral hippocampal volumes and proportions of grey matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid of left and right medial temporal voxels of interest
| Measure | Control, n = 16 | First-episode depression, n = 14 | Remitted-recurrent depression, n = 18 | Treatment-resistant/chronic depression, n = 20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hippocampal volume, mean (SD) mm3 | ||||
| Left | 4055.1 (419.7) | 4280.3 (482.4) | 3924.2 (494.5) | 3767.3 (460.5)* |
| Right | 4157.9 (323.1) | 4458.7 (427.8) | 4045.9 (568.4)† | 3858.3 (355.5)* |
| Tissue segmentation, % | ||||
| Left VOI | ||||
| Grey matter | 70.2 | 73.2 | 74.8ठ| 70.4 |
| White matter | 24.8 | 22.4 | 19.8ठ| 25.1 |
| Cerebrospinal fluid | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 4.5 |
| Right VOI | ||||
| Grey matter | 69.3 | 70.2 | 73.4 | 70.2 |
| White matter | 25.9 | 24.6 | 21.2ठ| 25.0 |
| Cerebrospinal fluid | 4.9 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 4.8 |
SD = standard deviation; VOI = volumes of interest.
Significant differences between first-episode and treatment-resistant/chronic depression (left p = 0.004; right p < 0.001).
Significant differences between first-episode and remitted-recurrent depression (p = 0.039).
Significant differences between remitted-recurrent depression and controls (left VOI: grey matter p = 0.018, white matter p = 0.014; right VOI: white matter p = 0.009).
Significant differences between remitted-recurrent and treatment-resistant/chronic depression (left VOI: grey matter p = 0.011, white matter p = 0.003; right VOI: white matter p = 0.033).