TABLE 4.
Calculated Exposure Based on Urinary Total BPA Concentrations
| Population Age | Population Type | Urinary Concentration, µg/L | Calculated Exposure, μg/kg per Day | Reference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | 95th Percentile | Max | Median | 95th Percentile | Max | |||
| 24–38 wk gestational age | US premature infants | 17.2 | 72.9 | 196 | 0.65 a | 2.77 a | 7.45 a | Current study |
| 25–34 wk gestational age | US premature infants | 28.6 | NA | 946 | 1.09 a | NA | 35.95 a | Calafat et al 200916 |
| 1–5 mo old | German healthy normal-term infants | <0.45 | 10.13 | 17.35 | <0.02 b | 0.45 b | 0.76 b | Volkel et al 201121 |
| 6–11 y old | US general population from NHANES 2007–200824 | 2.40 | 13.4 | 193 | 0.04 c | 0.23 c | 3.28 c | CDC, 2011 |
US Environmental Protection Agency RfD = 50 μg/kg per day.25 CDC, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; NA, not available.
a
Calculation based on a urine daily volume of 38 mL/kg.21
b
Calculation based on a urine daily volume of 44 mL/kg.21
c
Calculation based on a urine daily volume of 17 mL/kg.22