Table 3.

Compared levels of neuropeptides regulating food intake in AN patients and healthy matched population.

Neuropeptides regulating food intake*	AN/CT	Reference
Neuropeptide Y
CSF NPY	↑	Kaye et al. (1990), Kaye (1996), Baranowska et al. (1997)
Blood NPY	→↓↑	Nedvidkova et al. (2000), Baranowska et al. (2001), Sedlackova et al. (2012)
Blood agouti-related protein	↑	Moriya et al. (2006), Merle et al. (2011)
Blood 26RFa	↑	Galusca et al. (2012)
Opioid peptides
CSF b-endorphins	→↓	Gerner and Sharp (1982a), Baranowska (1990), Kaye (1996)
CSF dynorphins	→	Lesem et al. (1991), Kaye (1996)
Blood b-endorphins	↓↑	Baranowska (1990), Brambilla et al. (1991), Tepper et al. (1992)
Galanin
CSF or plasma galanin	→	Berrettini et al. (1988), Baranowska et al. (1997, 2001)
Blood a-MSH	→	Moriya et al. (2006)
CSF corticotropin-releasing hormone	↑	Gerner and Gwirtsman (1981), Hotta et al. (1986), Kaye et al. (1987), Baranowska (1990)
CSF thyrotropin releasing hormone	↓	Lesem et al. (1994)
CSF neurotensin	→	Nemeroff et al. (1989)
Somatostatin (SRIF)
CSF SRIF	↓→	Gerner and Yamada (1982b), Kaye et al. (1988)
Blood SRIF	↑↓	Pirke et al. (1994), Baranowska et al. (2000), Valevski et al. (2000)
CSF oxytocin	↓	Demitrack et al. (1990)
Blood oxytocin	→↓↑	Chiodera et al. (1991), Lawson et al. (2011a, 2012)
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
Serum BDNF	↓	Nakazato et al. (2003, 2006, 2009), Monteleone et al. (2004, 2005), Ehrlich et al. (2009), Saito et al. (2009)
Blood BDNF	↑	Mercader et al. (2007)

Adapted from Monteleone (2011).

*Neuropeptides inhibiting food intake are on a gray background.