Table A4.

Convergent Validity of Executive Control Measures: Correlations in Experiment 1

	Working Memory	Inhibition	Task Switching
DS	.553**	−.249	−.330*
SSpan	.425**	−.022	−.232
RSpan	.425**	−.186	−.198
CSpan	.531**	−.357**	−.215
OSpan	.553**	−.246	−.064
SS	−.114	.378**	.152
Stroop	−.301*	.356**	.120
Anti	−.226	.194	.165
CS	.031	.032	.024
WH	−.448**	.176	.276*
AS	−.152	.187	.143

Note—Working memory (upper left shaded region) and inhibition (middle shaded region) each show good convergent validity, while task switching (lower right shaded region) does not. n = 58;

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01. Dashed lines separate working memory, inhibition, and task switching tasks. DS = backward digit span; SSpan = spatial span; RSpan = reading span; CSpan = counting span; OSpan = operation span; SS = stop signal; Stroop = Stroop; Anti = antisaccade; CS = task switching, color/shape; WH = task switching, what number/how many; AS = task switching, add/subtract. Working Memory composite = average of DS, SSpan, RSpan, CSpan, and OSpan z scores; Inhibition composite = average of SS, Stroop, and Anti z scores; Task Switching composite = average of CS, WH, and AS z scores. Executive control measures were removed from composite z scores as needed so that within-task correlations were avoided.