Table 1.

DSM-IV-TR criteria for PTSD[1]

A	Stressor
	□ The person has experienced, witnessed, or been confronted with an event or events that involve actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of oneself or others.
	□ The person's response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror
B	Intrusive recollection (1 or more)
	□ Recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections of the event, including images, thoughts, or perceptions.
	□ Recurrent distressing dreams of the event
	□ Acting or feeling as if the traumatic event were recurring
	□ Intense psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event.
	□ Physiologic reactivity upon exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event
C	Avoidant/numbing (3 or more)
	□ Efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, or conversations associated with the trauma
	□ Efforts to avoid activities, places, or people that arouse recollections of the trauma
	□ Inability to recall an important aspect of the trauma
	□ Markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities
	□ Feeling of detachment or estrangement from others
	□ Restricted range of affect
	□ Sense of foreshortened future
D	Hyper-arousal (2 or more)
	□ Difficulty falling or staying asleep
	□ Irritability or outbursts of anger
	□ Difficulty concentrating
	□ Hyper-vigilance
	□ Exaggerated startle response
E	Duration
	□ Duration of the disturbance (symptoms in B, C, and D) is more than one month
F	Functional significance
	□ The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning