Table 4.
BNCT clinical trials using epithermal neutron beams for patients with recurrent or untreated unresectable head and neck cancer
| Medical institution | Neutron source | Treatment dates | Tumor type & No. of patients | Boron compound a | Clinical outcome | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Osaka University, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery II, Osaka, Japan |
KURR (Kyoto University Research Reactor, Osaka, Japan) or JRR-4, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai Research Establishment, Ibaraki, Japan |
2001-2007 |
26 rH&N |
BSH 5 g & BPA 250 mg/kg in 1 h Or BPA 250–500 mg/kg in 1–2 h |
MeST: 7.9 mos. post BNCT |
[5,6], This Paper |
| |
|
|
|
|
PR: 39% |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
CR: 46% |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2 & 4 y OS: 37%, |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
6 y OS: 32% |
|
| Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan |
KURR |
2005-2008 |
6 rOC |
BPA 500 mg/kg (200 mg/kg h × 2 h; 100 mg/kg h × ~1 h during irradiation) |
PR: 67% |
[113-115] |
| |
|
|
|
|
CR: 17% |
|
| Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI), Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan |
KURR |
2001-2007 |
49 rH&N |
BSH & BPA 250–500 mg/kg |
PR: 29%, CR: 28% |
[116,117] This paper |
| |
|
|
13 urH&N |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
MeST: 10.1 mos. (n = 53) |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2 y OS: 24% |
|
| Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan |
KURR or JRR-4 |
2003-2007 |
10 rSqCC |
BPA 500 mg/kg (200 mg/kg h × 2 h; 100 mg/kg h × ~1 h during irradiation) |
PR: 35% |
[4,118,119] |
| |
|
|
7 rnSqCC |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
3 nSqCC |
|
CR: 55% |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2 y OS: 32.3% |
|
| |
JRR-4 |
2005-2008 |
10 H&N MM |
BPA 500 mg/kg |
PR: 50% |
[120] |
| |
|
|
|
|
CR: 40% |
|
| Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland |
FiR-1, VTT Technical Research Centre, Espoo, Finland |
2003-2008 |
24 rSqCC |
BPA 400 mg/kg in 2 h |
PR: 31% |
[7] |
| |
|
|
|
|
CR: 45% |
|
| |
|
|
6 rnSqCC |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
MeST: 13 mos. post BNCT |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
2 y OS: 30% |
|
| |
|
2010 |
1 ur PDC |
BPA 400 mg/kg in 2 h |
CR: 1/1 |
[121] |
| |
|
|
|
BNCT + Chemo-RT (IMRT + SRT) with cetuximab and cisplatin |
|
|
| Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan |
THOR, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan |
2010-2011 |
10 rH&N |
BPA ~450 mg/kg (180 mg/kg h × 2 h; 90 mg/kg h × ~1 h during irradiation) |
PR: 40% |
[122,123] |
| CR: 30% |
aThis column also indicates treatment in cases of multi-modality treatment.
Abbreviations: rH&N recurrent head and neck cancer, rOC recurrent oral cancer, ur unresectable, rSqCC recurrent squamous cell carcinoma, rnSqCC recurrent non-squamous cell carcinoma, nSCC non-squamous cell carcinoma (naïve), H&N MM mucosal melanoma of the head and neck, PDC poorly differentiated carcinoma, XRT external beam radiation therapy (photons), IMRT intensity modulated radiation therapy, SRT stereotactic radiation therapy, PR partial response, CR complete response, 2 y OS 2-year overall survival, MeST median survival time, given in months.