Table 3.
Demographic characteristics of Parkinson's disease with or without GERD.
| Parkinson's disease with GERD (n = 27) | Parkinson's disease without GERD (n = 75) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female | 16 (59.3) | 42 (56.0) | NS |
| Male | 11 (40.7) | 33 (44.0) | NS |
| Age, y, mean ± SD (range) | 69.8 ± 9.5 (56–91) | 70.4 ± 7.9 (48–88) | NS |
| Onset age, y, mean ± SD (range) | 62.6 ± 9.8 (38–78) | 64.5 ± 9.2 (40–83) | NS |
| LEDD, mg, mean ± SD | 766.3 ± 449.9 | 653.7 ± 334.0 | NS |
| MMSE, mean ± SD | 26.9 ± 2.8 | 26.4 ± 2.4 | NS |
| Heartburn, n (%) | 12 (44.4) | 10 (13.3) | <0.001 |
| Bent forward flexion, n (%) | 10 (37.0) | 13 (17.3) | 0.04 |
| Disease duration, m, (range) | 91.6 ± 50.5 (12–241) | 76.2 ± 49.5 (6–218) | NS |
| H&Y stage, mean ± SD | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | NS |
| Stage 0, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.7) | |
| Stage 1, n (%) | 5 (18.5) | 10 (13.3) | |
| Stage 2, n (%) | 13 (48.1) | 40 (53.3) | |
| Stage 3, n (%) | 8 (29.6) | 17 (22.7) | |
| Stage 4, n (%) | 1 (3.7) | 6 (8.0) | |
| UPDRS | |||
| Total, mean ± SD (range) | 35.3 ± 13.9 (1–56) | 28.4 ± 14.3 (3–73) | 0.02 |
| Part II, mean ± SD (range) | 14.6 ± 7.0 (5–29) | 8.8 ± 6.2 (0–25) | <0.001 |
| Part III, mean ± SD (range) | 17.0 ± 8.7 (4–36) | 17.6 ± 10.1 (0–46) | NS |
| Wearing-off phenomenon, n (%) | 13 (48.1) | 16 (21.3) | <0.01 |
| PDQ-39, mean ± SD (range) | 56.3 ± 31.7 (3–134) | 29.8 ± 24.7 (0–108) | <0.001 |
| NMSS, mean ± SD (range) | 50.9 ± 34.0 (9–135) | 22.9 ± 22.4 (0–117) | <0.0001 |
NS: no significance; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease; LEDD: levodopa equivalent daily dose; MMSE: Mini-mental Examination Test; H&Y: Hoehn and Yahr; UPDRS: unified Parkinson's disease rating scale; PDQ-39: Parkinson's disease questionnaire-39; NMSS: nonmotor symptom scale.