Table 1.

Etiologies of Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (3).

Hyperprolactinemia

Pituitary lesions (tumor, granuloma, abscess)

Cushing syndrome

Drug use (opiates, alcohol abuse)

Anabolic steroids use

Severe or chronic illness

Pituitary irradiation, trauma or surgery

Iron overload

Kallmann syndrome

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Other genetic mutations

Prader Willi syndrome

Modified from Darby E, Anawalt BD. Male hypogonadism: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Treat Endocrinol. 2005;4(5):293-309.