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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Feb 6.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Chem Soc. 2013 Jan 25;135(5):1783–1795. doi: 10.1021/ja309078t

Figure 2. Comparison of HCBT/D-cysteine and luciferin.

Figure 2

(a) Total bioluminescent signal, integrated over 45 min, from luciferin (0.5–10 μM). (b) Total bioluminescent signal, integrated over 45 min, from HCBT and D-cysteine (5–25 μM, each) following incubation for 1 h in Tris buffer (50 mM, pH 7.4). To measure luciferin formation in a and b, 100 μg/mL luciferase in 50 mM Tris buffer with 10 mM MgCl2, 0.1 mM ZnCl2, and 2 mM ATP (pH 7.4) was added to the luciferin and HCBT/D-cysteine solutions. (c) Line graph representation of a, which indicates a linear increase (R2 = 0.9864) in bioluminescent signal from luciferin (0.5–10 μM). (d) Line graph representation of b, which indicates an exponential increase (R2 = 0.9889) in bioluminescent signal from HCBT and D-cysteine (2.5–25 μM, each). (e) Total photon flux, integrated over 2 h, from PC3M-luc cells with HCBT and D-cysteine (0–500 μM, dark grey bars) or luciferin (0–500 μM, light grey bars) in HBSS (25 mM glucose). (f) Representative image of PC3M-luc cells with HCBT and D-cysteine or luciferin, log scale. (g) Total photon flux, 0–60 min post-injection, for mice injected with HCBT and D-cysteine (0.05 or 0.5 μM, each) or luciferin (0.05 μM). (h) Representative image (30 min post-injection) of mice injected with HCBT and D-cysteine or luciferin, log scale. Error bars are ±SEM; E: n = 3, G: n = 3–4.